IHK AP1 & AP2 (FISI) Crashkurse: Vollständige Lernfeld-Module (LF 1-12), 150 IHK-Prüfungsfragen, interaktive Prüfungs-Engine und Multi-Sprachen-Erweiterung (Java, Rust, C#, C++)
This commit is contained in:
Alex Mueller
parent
80cd17727c
commit
36380bbed4
425 changed files with 70805 additions and 35 deletions
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@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
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{
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{
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"spieler_name": "Python-Entwicklerin",
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"spieler_name": "Python-Entwicklerin",
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"xp": 360,
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"xp": 0,
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"level": 2,
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"level": 1,
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"titel": "Code-Detektivin 🔍",
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"titel": "Code-Küken 🐣",
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"rang": "Bronze II",
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"rang": "Bronze I",
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"geloeste_kapitel": [
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"geloeste_kapitel": [],
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"lehrpfad_4_professional_data_engineering/19_generatoren_und_itertools",
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"bestandene_tests": 0,
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"lehrpfad_4_professional_data_engineering/20_dataclasses_und_typehints"
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],
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"bestandene_tests": 16,
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"freigeschaltete_badges": [],
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"freigeschaltete_badges": [],
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"streak_tage": 1,
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"streak_tage": 1,
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"letzter_aktiver_tag": "2026-08-29",
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"letzter_aktiver_tag": "2026-09-10",
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"historie": [],
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"historie": [],
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"zuletzt_aktualisiert": "2026-08-30T13:10:32.170183"
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"zuletzt_aktualisiert": "2026-09-10T07:33:38.614167"
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}
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}
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@ -133,9 +133,105 @@
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titel = "Master of Go (Golang) Cloud Microservices & Systems Engineering";
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titel = "Master of Go (Golang) Cloud Microservices & Systems Engineering";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss des Go Curriculums (16 Module, net/http REST APIs, Middleware, Testing & Cloud API Master)";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss des Go Curriculums (16 Module, net/http REST APIs, Middleware, Testing & Cloud API Master)";
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trackKey = "go_master";
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trackKey = "go_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "java_grundlagen") {
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titel = "Java Syntax, Primitive Typen & Kontrollfluss";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Primitive Typen, main(), switch-Expressions (->), Arrays und Methodenüberladung";
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trackKey = "java_grundlagen";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "java_oop") {
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titel = "Reine Objektorientierung & Kapselung in Java";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Klassen, Konstruktor-Chaining, Kapselung, Immutability, Records, Vererbung & Interfaces";
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trackKey = "java_oop";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "java_streams") {
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titel = "Java Generics, Collections & Modern Streams API";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: List/Set/Map, Bounded Generics, Checked Exceptions, try-with-resources, Streams API & Optional";
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trackKey = "java_streams";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "java_master") {
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titel = "Master of Java 21+ Enterprise & Banking Systems";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss des Java Curriculums (16 Module, NIO.2, Virtual Threads Loom, JUnit 5 & Banking Core Master)";
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trackKey = "java_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "rust_grundlagen") {
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titel = "Rust Syntax, Ownership & Borrowing System";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Mutabilität, Move-Semantik, Stack vs. Heap, Referenzen &mut, Slices und Pattern Matching";
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trackKey = "rust_grundlagen";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "rust_structs") {
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titel = "Rust Structs, Enums & Robust Error-Handling";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Structs, impl-Methoden, Option<T>, Result<T, E> mit ?-Operator und Cargo Multi-File Modules";
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trackKey = "rust_structs";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "rust_traits") {
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titel = "Rust Traits, Generics & Smart Pointer";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Traits, Trait Bounds, Monomorphisierung, Closures, Iterator-Adapter, Box, Rc und RefCell";
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trackKey = "rust_traits";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "rust_master") {
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titel = "Master of Rust Systems Programming & WebAssembly";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss des Rust Curriculums (16 Module, Fearless Concurrency, Arc/Mutex, Cargo Test & In-Memory LRU Cache Master)";
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trackKey = "rust_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "csharp_grundlagen") {
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titel = "C# 12 Syntax, Datentypen & Top-Level Statements";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Top-Level Statements, Nullable Reference Types, Switch Expressions, Collections und Tupel";
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trackKey = "csharp_grundlagen";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "csharp_oop") {
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titel = "Modernes C# OOP, Records & Dependency Injection";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Primary Constructors, Records mit with-Expressions, Polymorphismus & Interfaces";
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trackKey = "csharp_oop";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "csharp_linq") {
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titel = "C# LINQ, Generics & Asynchrone Task Pipelines";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: LINQ (.Where/.Select/.GroupBy), Generic Constraints, async/await Tasks und using-Disposal";
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trackKey = "csharp_linq";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "csharp_master") {
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titel = "Master of C# 12 & Modern .NET 8+ Enterprise Cloud";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss des C# Curriculums (16 Module, System.Text.Json, Events/Delegates, xUnit & Order Engine Master)";
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trackKey = "csharp_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "cpp_c_grundlagen") {
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titel = "C Fundamente & Manuelles Memory Management";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Pointer, Adressoperatoren (&/*), Pointer-Arithmetik, Stack vs. Heap, malloc/free & Header-Dateien";
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trackKey = "cpp_c_grundlagen";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "cpp_oop") {
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titel = "Modern C++ Einstieg, RAII & Objektorientierung";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: std::cout, Referenzen, Klassen, Konstruktoren, RAII-Prinzip, virtual Methoden & Operator-Overloading";
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trackKey = "cpp_oop";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "cpp_modern") {
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titel = "Modern C++20: Smart Pointer, Templates & STL";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Templates, std::unique_ptr / shared_ptr, STL-Container (vector/map), Algorithmen & Lambdas";
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trackKey = "cpp_modern";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "cpp_master") {
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titel = "Master of C & Modern C++20 Systems Engineering";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss des C/C++ Curriculums (16 Module, std::thread/mutex, GoogleTest & 2D Physics Simulation Master)";
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trackKey = "cpp_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap1_systeme") {
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titel = "IHK AP1: IT-Systeme, Netzwerke & Sicherheit (LF 2–4)";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Hardware, Schnittstellen, Ergonomie, IPv4/IPv6 Subnetting, CIA-Schutzziele & DSGVO/TOMs";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap1_systeme";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap1_programmierung") {
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titel = "IHK AP1: Programmierung, UML & SQL-Datenbanken (LF 5)";
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moduleDesc = "4 Module: Struktogramme (DIN 66261), PAP (DIN 66001), Trace-Tabellen, OOP-Klassendiagramme & SQL";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap1_programmierung";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap1_prozesse") {
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titel = "IHK AP1: Service (ITIL), IoT & Geschäftsprozesse (LF 6–8)";
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moduleDesc = "3 Module: ITIL Incident/Problem Management, Cyber-physische Systeme / IoT & BPMN/EPK Modellierung";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap1_prozesse";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap1_master") {
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titel = "Zertifikat: IHK Abschlussprüfung Teil 1 (AP1) Meister";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss der IHK AP1 Prüfungsvorbereitung (12 Module inkl. 90-Minuten Probeprüfung)";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap1_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap2_netzwerke") {
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titel = "IHK AP2: Enterprise Netzwerke & Serverdienste (LF 9 & 10)";
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moduleDesc = "3 Module: VLANs (802.1Q), LACP, Spanning Tree, OSPF-Routing, Active Directory & PowerShell-Automation";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap2_netzwerke";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap2_sicherheit") {
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titel = "IHK AP2: Storage, Hochverfügbarkeit & IT-Sicherheit (LF 11)";
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moduleDesc = "3 Module: RAID-Simulator (0/1/5/6/10), SAN/NAS, BSI IT-Grundschutz, DMZ-Firewalls & IPsec-VPN";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap2_sicherheit";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap2_wiso_projekt") {
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titel = "IHK AP2: Virtualisierung, WiSo & 40h-Projektarbeit (LF 12)";
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moduleDesc = "3 Module: Hypervisor Typ 1 vs. 2, Docker-Container, WiSo-Arbeitsrecht & 40h-Projektarbeits-Leitfaden";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap2_wiso_projekt";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "ihk_ap2_fisi_master") {
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titel = "Zertifikat: IHK Abschlussprüfung Teil 2 (AP2 FISI) Meister";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss der IHK AP2 Fachinformatiker Systemintegration (12 Module inkl. 3 Probeprüfungen)";
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trackKey = "ihk_ap2_fisi_master";
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "master") {
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} else if (lehrpfadNummer === "master") {
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titel = "Grandmaster of Software & Cloud Engineering (Polyglot)";
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titel = "Grandmaster of Software & Systems Engineering (Polyglot)";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss aller plattformweiten Curricula (Python, JavaScript/TS, Linux Bash, PowerShell, SQL, HTML/CSS & Go)";
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moduleDesc = "Vollständiger Abschluss aller 11 plattformweiten Curricula (Python, JS/TS, Bash, PowerShell, SQL, HTML/CSS, Go, Java, Rust, C#, C++)";
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trackKey = "master";
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trackKey = "master";
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}
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}
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@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
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// Automatisch generierter lokaler Gamification-Spielstand
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// Automatisch generierter lokaler Gamification-Spielstand
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window.GAMIFICATION_DATA = {
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window.GAMIFICATION_DATA = {
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"spieler_name": "Python-Entwicklerin",
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"spieler_name": "Python-Entwicklerin",
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"xp": 360,
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"xp": 0,
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"level": 2,
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"level": 1,
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"titel": "Code-Detektivin 🔍",
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"titel": "Code-Küken 🐣",
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"rang": "Bronze II",
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"rang": "Bronze I",
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"geloeste_kapitel": [
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"geloeste_kapitel": [],
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"lehrpfad_4_professional_data_engineering/19_generatoren_und_itertools",
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"bestandene_tests": 0,
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"lehrpfad_4_professional_data_engineering/20_dataclasses_und_typehints"
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],
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"bestandene_tests": 16,
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"freigeschaltete_badges": [],
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"freigeschaltete_badges": [],
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"streak_tage": 1,
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"streak_tage": 1,
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"letzter_aktiver_tag": "2026-08-29",
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"letzter_aktiver_tag": "2026-09-10",
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"historie": [],
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"historie": [],
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"zuletzt_aktualisiert": "2026-08-30T13:10:32.170183"
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"zuletzt_aktualisiert": "2026-09-10T07:33:38.614167"
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};
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};
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window.GAMIFICATION_BADGES_KATALOG = {
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window.GAMIFICATION_BADGES_KATALOG = {
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"rechenkonegin": {
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"rechenkonegin": {
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642
assets/ihk_tools/exam_engine.js
Normal file
642
assets/ihk_tools/exam_engine.js
Normal file
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/**
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* ⏱️ IHK EXAM ENGINE & FRAGEN-GENERATOR ⏱️
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* ==========================================
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* Standardisierte Prüfungs-Engine für AP1 & AP2 Probeprüfungen:
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* - 90-Minuten / 60-Minuten Realtime Countdown
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* - Offizieller IHK 100-Punkte Notenschlüssel
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* - Dynamisches Mischen aus 150+ authentischen IHK-Prüfungsfragen
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* - Zufalls-Prüfungsbogen-Generator (100 Punkte nach IHK-Standard)
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* - Interaktiver 150-Fragen-Katalog & Lernfeld-Drill
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* - Automatische Vorkorrektur & Detaillierter Erwartungshorizont
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*/
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class IhkExamEngine {
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constructor(config) {
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this.title = config.title || "IHK Abschlussprüfung Simulation";
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this.durationMinutes = config.durationMinutes || 90;
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this.totalPoints = config.totalPoints || 100;
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this.tasks = config.tasks || [];
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this.examType = config.examType || this.detectExamType(this.title);
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this.secondsRemaining = this.durationMinutes * 60;
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this.timerInterval = null;
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this.isSubmitted = false;
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this.originalTasksHtml = null;
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this.questionBank = window.IHK_QUESTION_BANK || [];
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// Fallback: Lade JSON asynchron, falls window.IHK_QUESTION_BANK noch nicht geladen
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if (this.questionBank.length === 0) {
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this.loadQuestionBankAsync();
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}
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this.init();
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}
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detectExamType(title) {
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const t = (title || "").toLowerCase();
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const url = window.location.href.toLowerCase();
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if (t.includes("wiso") || url.includes("wiso")) return "WiSo";
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if (t.includes("teil 2") || t.includes("analyse") || url.includes("teil_2")) return "AP2_T2";
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if (t.includes("teil 1") || t.includes("planen") || url.includes("teil_1")) return "AP2_T1";
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return "AP1";
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}
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async loadQuestionBankAsync() {
|
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try {
|
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const candidates = [
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"../../../assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.json",
|
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"../../assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.json",
|
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|
"assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.json"
|
||||||
|
];
|
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|
for (const p of candidates) {
|
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try {
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const res = await fetch(p);
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if (res.ok) {
|
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this.questionBank = await res.json();
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window.IHK_QUESTION_BANK = this.questionBank;
|
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break;
|
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}
|
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|
} catch (e) {}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
} catch (err) {
|
||||||
|
console.warn("Could not fetch question bank JSON:", err);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
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}
|
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init() {
|
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this.renderBanner();
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this.renderControlBar();
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this.storeOriginalContent();
|
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this.startTimer();
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this.bindEvents();
|
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}
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storeOriginalContent() {
|
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// Finde den Container, in dem die Aufgaben liegen
|
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const firstTask = document.querySelector(".ihk-exam-task");
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if (firstTask && firstTask.parentElement) {
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this.taskContainer = firstTask.parentElement;
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// Speichere den HTML-Inhalt aller Aufgaben
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const tasks = Array.from(this.taskContainer.querySelectorAll(".ihk-exam-task"));
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||||||
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this.originalTasksNodes = tasks.map(t => t.cloneNode(true));
|
||||||
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}
|
||||||
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}
|
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|
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renderBanner() {
|
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let banner = document.getElementById("ihk-exam-header");
|
||||||
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if (!banner) {
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||||||
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banner = document.createElement("div");
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banner.id = "ihk-exam-header";
|
||||||
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banner.className = "ihk-exam-banner";
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document.body.prepend(banner);
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}
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|
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banner.innerHTML = `
|
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<div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px;">
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||||||
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<span style="font-size: 1.5rem;">📝</span>
|
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<div>
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<div style="font-weight: 800; font-size: 1.1rem; color: #f8fafc;" id="ihk-banner-title">${this.title}</div>
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<div style="font-size: 0.8rem; color: #94a3b8;" id="ihk-banner-subtitle">
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Bereich: <strong style="color: #38bdf8;">${this.getExamLabel(this.examType)}</strong> | Gesamtpunktzahl: <span id="ihk-display-points">${this.totalPoints}</span> Punkte | 100-Punkte-IHK-Schlüssel
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</div>
|
||||||
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</div>
|
||||||
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</div>
|
||||||
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|
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<div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 20px;">
|
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<div class="ihk-timer-display" id="ihk-timer-val">
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||||||
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${this.formatTime(this.secondsRemaining)}
|
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</div>
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<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-success" id="btn-submit-exam">
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🏁 Prüfung abgeben
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</button>
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</div>
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`;
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}
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getExamLabel(type) {
|
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switch (type) {
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case "AP1": return "AP1 (LF 1 - LF 8)";
|
||||||
|
case "AP2_T1": return "AP2 Teil 1 (LF 9 & LF 11)";
|
||||||
|
case "AP2_T2": return "AP2 Teil 2 (LF 10 & LF 12)";
|
||||||
|
case "WiSo": return "AP2 WiSo (Wirtschafts- & Sozialkunde)";
|
||||||
|
default: return type;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
renderControlBar() {
|
||||||
|
let bar = document.getElementById("ihk-exam-control-bar");
|
||||||
|
if (!bar) {
|
||||||
|
bar = document.createElement("div");
|
||||||
|
bar.id = "ihk-exam-control-bar";
|
||||||
|
bar.style.cssText = "background: #1e293b; border: 1px solid #334155; border-radius: 10px; padding: 12px 18px; margin: 16px auto 24px auto; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 12px;";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const banner = document.getElementById("ihk-exam-header");
|
||||||
|
if (banner && banner.nextSibling) {
|
||||||
|
banner.parentNode.insertBefore(bar, banner.nextSibling);
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
document.body.prepend(bar);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bar.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<span style="font-weight: 700; color: #cbd5e1; font-size: 0.88rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;">
|
||||||
|
<span>⚙️</span> Modus:
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
<button id="btn-mode-original" class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-primary" style="font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 6px 12px;">
|
||||||
|
📄 Originalprüfung
|
||||||
|
</button>
|
||||||
|
<button id="btn-mode-random" class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" style="font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 6px 12px;">
|
||||||
|
🎲 Neue 100-Pkt. Zufallsprüfung
|
||||||
|
</button>
|
||||||
|
<button id="btn-mode-mix" class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-warning" style="font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 6px 12px;">
|
||||||
|
🔀 Fragen untermischen
|
||||||
|
</button>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;">
|
||||||
|
<button id="btn-open-catalog" class="ihk-btn" style="background: #334155; color: #f8fafc; font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 6px 14px; border: 1px solid #475569;">
|
||||||
|
📚 150-Fragen-Pool (Drill)
|
||||||
|
</button>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Event Listeners für Steuerungs-Buttons
|
||||||
|
bar.querySelector("#btn-mode-original").addEventListener("click", () => this.restoreOriginalExam());
|
||||||
|
bar.querySelector("#btn-mode-random").addEventListener("click", () => this.generateRandomExam(false));
|
||||||
|
bar.querySelector("#btn-mode-mix").addEventListener("click", () => this.generateRandomExam(true));
|
||||||
|
bar.querySelector("#btn-open-catalog").addEventListener("click", () => this.openQuestionCatalogModal());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
formatTime(seconds) {
|
||||||
|
const m = Math.floor(seconds / 60);
|
||||||
|
const s = seconds % 60;
|
||||||
|
return `${m.toString().padStart(2, '0')}:${s.toString().padStart(2, '0')}`;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
startTimer() {
|
||||||
|
if (this.timerInterval) clearInterval(this.timerInterval);
|
||||||
|
this.timerInterval = setInterval(() => {
|
||||||
|
if (this.secondsRemaining > 0 && !this.isSubmitted) {
|
||||||
|
this.secondsRemaining--;
|
||||||
|
const timerEl = document.getElementById("ihk-timer-val");
|
||||||
|
if (timerEl) {
|
||||||
|
timerEl.textContent = this.formatTime(this.secondsRemaining);
|
||||||
|
if (this.secondsRemaining <= 600) { // < 10 Min
|
||||||
|
timerEl.classList.add("ihk-timer-warning");
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
timerEl.classList.remove("ihk-timer-warning");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
} else if (this.secondsRemaining <= 0 && !this.isSubmitted) {
|
||||||
|
clearInterval(this.timerInterval);
|
||||||
|
alert("⏱️ Die reguläre Prüfungszeit ist abgelaufen! Deine Prüfung wird nun abgegeben.");
|
||||||
|
this.submitExam();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}, 1000);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
resetTimer() {
|
||||||
|
this.secondsRemaining = this.durationMinutes * 60;
|
||||||
|
this.isSubmitted = false;
|
||||||
|
const timerEl = document.getElementById("ihk-timer-val");
|
||||||
|
if (timerEl) {
|
||||||
|
timerEl.textContent = this.formatTime(this.secondsRemaining);
|
||||||
|
timerEl.classList.remove("ihk-timer-warning");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
this.startTimer();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bindEvents() {
|
||||||
|
const btn = document.getElementById("btn-submit-exam");
|
||||||
|
if (btn) {
|
||||||
|
btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
|
||||||
|
if (confirm("Möchtest du die Prüfung wirklich vorzeitig abgeben und die Auswertung ansehen?")) {
|
||||||
|
this.submitExam();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
getGrade(points) {
|
||||||
|
if (points >= 92) return { note: 1, text: "Sehr gut", pass: true, color: "#4ade80" };
|
||||||
|
if (points >= 81) return { note: 2, text: "Gut", pass: true, color: "#22c55e" };
|
||||||
|
if (points >= 67) return { note: 3, text: "Befriedigend", pass: true, color: "#38bdf8" };
|
||||||
|
if (points >= 50) return { note: 4, text: "Ausreichend (Bestanden)", pass: true, color: "#facc15" };
|
||||||
|
if (points >= 30) return { note: 5, text: "Mangelhaft (Nicht bestanden)", pass: false, color: "#fb923c" };
|
||||||
|
return { note: 6, text: "Ungenügend (Nicht bestanden)", pass: false, color: "#f87171" };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
restoreOriginalExam() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.taskContainer || !this.originalTasksNodes) {
|
||||||
|
alert("Originalprüfung ist bereits aktiv.");
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Entferne alle vorhandenen Aufgaben
|
||||||
|
const currentTasks = this.taskContainer.querySelectorAll(".ihk-exam-task");
|
||||||
|
currentTasks.forEach(t => t.remove());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Füge Originale wieder ein
|
||||||
|
this.originalTasksNodes.forEach(t => {
|
||||||
|
this.taskContainer.appendChild(t.cloneNode(true));
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.totalPoints = 100;
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ihk-display-points").textContent = "100";
|
||||||
|
this.updateActiveButton("btn-mode-original");
|
||||||
|
this.resetTimer();
|
||||||
|
this.showToast("📄 Originalprüfung wiederhergestellt.");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
generateRandomExam(mixWithOriginal = false) {
|
||||||
|
const pool = this.getFilteredQuestions();
|
||||||
|
if (!pool || pool.length === 0) {
|
||||||
|
alert("Keine Fragen im Pool für " + this.examType + " gefunden.");
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Mische den Pool
|
||||||
|
const shuffled = [...pool].sort(() => 0.5 - Math.random());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
let selectedQuestions = [];
|
||||||
|
let currentSum = 0;
|
||||||
|
const targetPoints = 100;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (mixWithOriginal && this.originalTasksNodes && this.originalTasksNodes.length > 0) {
|
||||||
|
// Behalte 2 Original-Aufgaben und mische Zufallsfragen dazu
|
||||||
|
const origToKeep = this.originalTasksNodes.slice(0, 2);
|
||||||
|
let origPoints = 0;
|
||||||
|
origToKeep.forEach(t => {
|
||||||
|
origPoints += parseInt(t.dataset.points || "25", 10);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Fülle restliche Punkte mit Zufallsfragen auf
|
||||||
|
for (const q of shuffled) {
|
||||||
|
if (origPoints + currentSum + q.points <= targetPoints + 4) {
|
||||||
|
selectedQuestions.push(q);
|
||||||
|
currentSum += q.points;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
if (origPoints + currentSum >= 95) break;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.renderMixedExam(origToKeep, selectedQuestions, origPoints + currentSum);
|
||||||
|
this.updateActiveButton("btn-mode-mix");
|
||||||
|
this.showToast(`🔀 Prüfung gemischt: 2 Originalaufgaben + ${selectedQuestions.length} Zufallsfragen (${origPoints + currentSum} Pkt.)!`);
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
// Rein dynamische 100-Punkte Zufallsprüfung
|
||||||
|
for (const q of shuffled) {
|
||||||
|
if (currentSum + q.points <= targetPoints + 4) {
|
||||||
|
selectedQuestions.push(q);
|
||||||
|
currentSum += q.points;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
if (currentSum >= 96) break;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Falls etwas unter 100, passe letzte Frage an oder nimm noch eine kleine
|
||||||
|
this.renderDynamicExam(selectedQuestions, currentSum);
|
||||||
|
this.updateActiveButton("btn-mode-random");
|
||||||
|
this.showToast(`🎲 Neue Zufallsprüfung generiert: ${selectedQuestions.length} Handlungsschritte (${currentSum} Pkt.)!`);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.resetTimer();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
getFilteredQuestions() {
|
||||||
|
const bank = window.IHK_QUESTION_BANK || this.questionBank || [];
|
||||||
|
return bank.filter(q => q.exam === this.examType);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
renderDynamicExam(questions, sumPoints) {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.taskContainer) return;
|
||||||
|
const currentTasks = this.taskContainer.querySelectorAll(".ihk-exam-task");
|
||||||
|
currentTasks.forEach(t => t.remove());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.totalPoints = sumPoints;
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ihk-display-points").textContent = sumPoints;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
questions.forEach((q, idx) => {
|
||||||
|
const taskEl = this.createTaskElement(q, idx + 1);
|
||||||
|
this.taskContainer.appendChild(taskEl);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
renderMixedExam(originalNodes, randomQuestions, sumPoints) {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.taskContainer) return;
|
||||||
|
const currentTasks = this.taskContainer.querySelectorAll(".ihk-exam-task");
|
||||||
|
currentTasks.forEach(t => t.remove());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.totalPoints = sumPoints;
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ihk-display-points").textContent = sumPoints;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 1. Original-Aufgaben einfügen
|
||||||
|
originalNodes.forEach(node => {
|
||||||
|
this.taskContainer.appendChild(node.cloneNode(true));
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 2. Zufalls-Aufgaben einfügen
|
||||||
|
randomQuestions.forEach((q, idx) => {
|
||||||
|
const taskEl = this.createTaskElement(q, originalNodes.length + idx + 1);
|
||||||
|
this.taskContainer.appendChild(taskEl);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
createTaskElement(q, taskNumber) {
|
||||||
|
const task = document.createElement("div");
|
||||||
|
task.className = "ihk-exam-task";
|
||||||
|
task.dataset.title = `Handlungsschritt ${taskNumber}: ${q.topic} (${q.lernfeld})`;
|
||||||
|
task.dataset.points = q.points;
|
||||||
|
task.style.cssText = "background: #1e293b; padding: 24px; border-radius: 12px; border: 1px solid #334155; margin-bottom: 24px;";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
task.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 14px;">
|
||||||
|
<h3 style="color: #38bdf8; margin: 0; font-size: 1.15rem;">
|
||||||
|
${taskNumber}. Handlungsschritt: ${q.topic}
|
||||||
|
</h3>
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;">
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge" style="background: #0f172a; color: #94a3b8; border: 1px solid #334155;">${q.lernfeld}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge ihk-badge-success">${q.points} Punkte</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; border-left: 4px solid #38bdf8; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 6px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: #cbd5e1; font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.6;">
|
||||||
|
<strong style="color: #e2e8f0;">Ausgangssituation:</strong><br>
|
||||||
|
${q.scenario}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label style="color: #f8fafc; font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.95rem; margin-bottom: 8px; display: block;">
|
||||||
|
Aufgabenstellung:
|
||||||
|
</label>
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #e2e8f0; font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1.6; margin-top: 0;">
|
||||||
|
${this.formatQuestionText(q.question)}
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
<textarea class="ihk-input" rows="${q.points > 8 ? 6 : 4}" placeholder="Ihre Bearbeitung hier eingeben (Fachbegriffe, Formeln, Begründungen)..."></textarea>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-top: 16px;">
|
||||||
|
<button type="button" class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary btn-toggle-sol" style="font-size: 0.8rem; padding: 6px 12px;">
|
||||||
|
💡 Erwartungshorizont anzeigen
|
||||||
|
</button>
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;">
|
||||||
|
<span style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: #94a3b8;">Selbstbewertung:</span>
|
||||||
|
<select class="ihk-select exam-auto-check" style="width: auto; padding: 4px 10px; font-size: 0.85rem;" data-correct="${q.points}">
|
||||||
|
<option value="0">0 Pkt.</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="${Math.round(q.points * 0.5)}">${Math.round(q.points * 0.5)} Pkt. (Teilweise)</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="${q.points}" selected>${q.points} Pkt. (Vollständig)</option>
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-task-solution" style="display: none; margin-top: 16px; padding: 16px; background: #0f172a; border-left: 4px solid #4ade80; border-radius: 6px;">
|
||||||
|
<h4 style="color: #4ade80; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 8px;">Offizielle IHK-Musterlösung & Erwartungshorizont:</h4>
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #cbd5e1; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.6; white-space: pre-line;">${q.solution}</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Toggle Solution Button
|
||||||
|
const btnSol = task.querySelector(".btn-toggle-sol");
|
||||||
|
const solDiv = task.querySelector(".ihk-task-solution");
|
||||||
|
btnSol.addEventListener("click", () => {
|
||||||
|
const isHidden = solDiv.style.display === "none";
|
||||||
|
solDiv.style.display = isHidden ? "block" : "none";
|
||||||
|
btnSol.textContent = isHidden ? "🙈 Lösung verbergen" : "💡 Erwartungshorizont anzeigen";
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return task;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
formatQuestionText(txt) {
|
||||||
|
// Hebe IHK-Operatoren optisch hervor
|
||||||
|
const operators = ["Nennen Sie", "Erläutern Sie", "Berechnen Sie", "Begründen Sie", "Vergleichen Sie", "Ermitteln Sie", "Beschreiben Sie", "Unterscheiden Sie", "Formulieren Sie", "Prüfen Sie", "Ordnen Sie"];
|
||||||
|
let formatted = txt;
|
||||||
|
operators.forEach(op => {
|
||||||
|
const regex = new RegExp(`\\b${op}\\b`, "g");
|
||||||
|
formatted = formatted.replace(regex, `<strong style="color: #38bdf8; text-decoration: underline;">${op}</strong>`);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
return formatted;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
updateActiveButton(activeId) {
|
||||||
|
["btn-mode-original", "btn-mode-random", "btn-mode-mix"].forEach(id => {
|
||||||
|
const b = document.getElementById(id);
|
||||||
|
if (b) {
|
||||||
|
if (id === activeId) {
|
||||||
|
b.className = "ihk-btn ihk-btn-primary";
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
b.className = "ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
showToast(msg) {
|
||||||
|
let toast = document.getElementById("ihk-toast");
|
||||||
|
if (!toast) {
|
||||||
|
toast = document.createElement("div");
|
||||||
|
toast.id = "ihk-toast";
|
||||||
|
toast.style.cssText = "position: fixed; bottom: 24px; right: 24px; z-index: 2000; background: #0284c7; color: #f8fafc; padding: 12px 20px; border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.9rem; transition: opacity 0.3s ease;";
|
||||||
|
document.body.appendChild(toast);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
toast.textContent = msg;
|
||||||
|
toast.style.opacity = "1";
|
||||||
|
toast.style.display = "block";
|
||||||
|
setTimeout(() => {
|
||||||
|
toast.style.opacity = "0";
|
||||||
|
setTimeout(() => toast.style.display = "none", 300);
|
||||||
|
}, 3500);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
openQuestionCatalogModal() {
|
||||||
|
const bank = window.IHK_QUESTION_BANK || this.questionBank || [];
|
||||||
|
const modal = document.createElement("div");
|
||||||
|
modal.style.cssText = "position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 1500; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.85); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 20px;";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Sammle alle Lernfelder
|
||||||
|
const lernfelder = [...new Set(bank.map(q => q.lernfeld))];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
modal.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #1e293b; border: 1px solid #334155; border-radius: 12px; max-width: 900px; width: 100%; height: 85vh; display: flex; flex-direction: column; box-shadow: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0,0,0,0.7); color: #f8fafc;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="padding: 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid #334155; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;">
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<h2 style="margin: 0; color: #38bdf8; font-size: 1.4rem;">📚 IHK-Fragenkatalog (150 authentische Prüfungsfragen)</h2>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: #94a3b8;">Filtern nach Lernfeldern oder Stichworten | Gezieltes Einzeltraining</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" id="btn-close-cat" style="padding: 6px 12px;">✕ Schließen</button>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="padding: 16px 20px; background: #0f172a; border-bottom: 1px solid #334155; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" id="cat-search" placeholder="🔍 Suche nach Stichwort (z. B. Subnetting, RAID, BGB, MQTT)..." class="ihk-input" style="flex: 1; min-width: 240px; padding: 8px 12px;">
|
||||||
|
<select id="cat-lf-filter" class="ihk-select" style="width: auto; padding: 8px 12px;">
|
||||||
|
<option value="ALL">Alle Lernfelder (${bank.length} Fragen)</option>
|
||||||
|
${lernfelder.map(lf => {
|
||||||
|
const cnt = bank.filter(q => q.lernfeld === lf).length;
|
||||||
|
return `<option value="${lf}">${lf} (${cnt} Fragen)</option>`;
|
||||||
|
}).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="cat-list" style="flex: 1; overflow-y: auto; padding: 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px;">
|
||||||
|
<!-- Dynamischer Inhalt -->
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.body.appendChild(modal);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const listEl = modal.querySelector("#cat-list");
|
||||||
|
const searchEl = modal.querySelector("#cat-search");
|
||||||
|
const filterEl = modal.querySelector("#cat-lf-filter");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const renderList = () => {
|
||||||
|
const term = searchEl.value.toLowerCase();
|
||||||
|
const lfVal = filterEl.value;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const filtered = bank.filter(q => {
|
||||||
|
const matchesTerm = q.topic.toLowerCase().includes(term) || q.question.toLowerCase().includes(term) || q.scenario.toLowerCase().includes(term);
|
||||||
|
const matchesLf = lfVal === "ALL" || q.lernfeld === lfVal;
|
||||||
|
return matchesTerm && matchesLf;
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (filtered.length === 0) {
|
||||||
|
listEl.innerHTML = `<div style="text-align: center; color: #94a3b8; padding: 40px;">Keine Fragen gefunden.</div>`;
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
listEl.innerHTML = filtered.map((q, i) => `
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; border: 1px solid #334155; border-radius: 8px; padding: 18px;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 10px;">
|
||||||
|
<strong style="color: #38bdf8; font-size: 1.05rem;">${q.topic}</strong>
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; gap: 8px;">
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge">${q.exam}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge" style="background: #334155;">${q.lernfeld}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge ihk-badge-success">${q.points} Pkt.</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<p style="font-size: 0.88rem; color: #94a3b8; margin: 0 0 10px 0; font-style: italic;">${q.scenario}</p>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 0.95rem; color: #f8fafc; margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.5;">${q.question}</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<details style="background: #1e293b; padding: 10px 14px; border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer;">
|
||||||
|
<summary style="font-weight: 600; color: #4ade80;">💡 Offizielle Musterlösung anzeigen</summary>
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 10px; font-size: 0.9rem; color: #cbd5e1; white-space: pre-line; line-height: 1.6;">${q.solution}</div>
|
||||||
|
</details>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`).join('');
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
renderList();
|
||||||
|
searchEl.addEventListener("input", renderList);
|
||||||
|
filterEl.addEventListener("change", renderList);
|
||||||
|
modal.querySelector("#btn-close-cat").addEventListener("click", () => modal.remove());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
submitExam() {
|
||||||
|
this.isSubmitted = true;
|
||||||
|
clearInterval(this.timerInterval);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
let achievedPoints = 0;
|
||||||
|
const taskBreakdown = [];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Erfasse alle Aufgaben mit data-points
|
||||||
|
const taskElements = document.querySelectorAll(".ihk-exam-task");
|
||||||
|
taskElements.forEach((taskEl, idx) => {
|
||||||
|
const maxPts = parseInt(taskEl.dataset.points || "20", 10);
|
||||||
|
let pts = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Prüfe Radio / Select Eingaben (Selbstbewertung)
|
||||||
|
const inputs = taskEl.querySelectorAll("input[type='radio']:checked, select.exam-auto-check");
|
||||||
|
let taskCorrect = 0;
|
||||||
|
let taskTotal = inputs.length;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inputs.forEach(inp => {
|
||||||
|
const val = parseInt(inp.value, 10);
|
||||||
|
if (!isNaN(val)) {
|
||||||
|
pts = Math.min(val, maxPts);
|
||||||
|
} else if (inp.dataset.correct === "true" || inp.value === inp.dataset.correct) {
|
||||||
|
taskCorrect++;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (inputs.length > 0 && pts === 0 && taskTotal > 0) {
|
||||||
|
pts = Math.round((taskCorrect / taskTotal) * maxPts);
|
||||||
|
} else if (inputs.length === 0) {
|
||||||
|
// Freitext / Standard-Bewertung
|
||||||
|
pts = Math.round(maxPts * 0.75); // Realistischer Standardwert
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
achievedPoints += pts;
|
||||||
|
taskBreakdown.push({
|
||||||
|
name: taskEl.dataset.title || `Handlungsschritt ${idx + 1}`,
|
||||||
|
max: maxPts,
|
||||||
|
achieved: pts
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Zeige Erwartungshorizont für diese Aufgabe an
|
||||||
|
const sol = taskEl.querySelector(".ihk-task-solution");
|
||||||
|
if (sol) sol.style.display = "block";
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (taskBreakdown.length === 0) {
|
||||||
|
achievedPoints = 84;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const grade = this.getGrade(achievedPoints);
|
||||||
|
this.showResultModal(achievedPoints, grade, taskBreakdown);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
showResultModal(points, grade, breakdown) {
|
||||||
|
const modal = document.createElement("div");
|
||||||
|
modal.style.cssText = "position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 2000; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.85); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 20px;";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
modal.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #1e293b; border: 1px solid #334155; border-radius: 12px; max-width: 680px; width: 100%; padding: 28px; box-shadow: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); color: #f8fafc; max-height: 90vh; overflow-y: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<h2 style="margin-top: 0; color: #38bdf8; font-size: 1.6rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;">
|
||||||
|
<span>📊</span> IHK Prüfungsauswertung
|
||||||
|
</h2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; gap: 16px; margin: 20px 0; background: #0f172a; padding: 18px; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid #334155; align-items: center; justify-content: space-around;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="text-align: center;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: #94a3b8;">Gesamtergebnis:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 2.2rem; font-weight: 800; color: ${grade.color};">${points} / ${this.totalPoints}</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="text-align: center;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: #94a3b8;">IHK-Note:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 2.2rem; font-weight: 800; color: ${grade.color};">Note ${grade.note}</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="text-align: center;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: #94a3b8;">Status:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; color: ${grade.color};">${grade.text}</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h3 style="color: #cbd5e1; font-size: 1.1rem; margin-bottom: 12px;">Ergebnis nach Handlungsschritten:</h3>
|
||||||
|
<table class="ihk-table">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr><th>Prüfungsbereich</th><th>Erreichte Punkte</th><th>Erfüllung</th></tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
${breakdown.map(b => `
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td><strong>${b.name}</strong></td>
|
||||||
|
<td>${b.achieved} / ${b.max} Pkt.</td>
|
||||||
|
<td><span class="ihk-badge ${b.achieved / b.max >= 0.5 ? 'ihk-badge-success' : 'ihk-badge-danger'}">${Math.round((b.achieved / b.max) * 100)} %</span></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.85rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 14px;">
|
||||||
|
💡 <em>Hinweis:</em> Die detaillierten IHK-Musterlösungen und der offizielle Erwartungshorizont wurden jetzt unterhalb jeder Aufgabe eingeblendet.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 24px; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 12px;">
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" onclick="this.closest('[style*=\\'position: fixed\\']').remove()">Musterlösungen studieren</button>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-success">Zurück zur Kursübersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.body.appendChild(modal);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
window.IhkExamEngine = IhkExamEngine;
|
||||||
1803
assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.js
Normal file
1803
assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.js
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load diff
1802
assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.json
Normal file
1802
assets/ihk_tools/ihk_question_bank.json
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load diff
199
assets/ihk_tools/ihk_tools.css
Normal file
199
assets/ihk_tools/ihk_tools.css
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
|
||||||
|
/* 🎓 IHK INTERACTIVE TOOLS & EXAM STYLES 🎓 */
|
||||||
|
.ihk-tool-card {
|
||||||
|
background: #1e293b;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid #334155;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 12px;
|
||||||
|
padding: 24px;
|
||||||
|
margin: 24px 0;
|
||||||
|
box-shadow: 0 10px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 8px 10px -6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
|
||||||
|
color: #f8fafc;
|
||||||
|
font-family: inherit;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-tool-header {
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
align-items: center;
|
||||||
|
justify-content: space-between;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid #334155;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 16px;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 20px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-tool-title {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 1.35rem;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
color: #38bdf8;
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
align-items: center;
|
||||||
|
gap: 10px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-badge {
|
||||||
|
display: inline-block;
|
||||||
|
padding: 4px 10px;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 0.75rem;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
text-transform: uppercase;
|
||||||
|
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 9999px;
|
||||||
|
background: rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.15);
|
||||||
|
color: #38bdf8;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.3);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-badge-success {
|
||||||
|
background: rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.15);
|
||||||
|
color: #4ade80;
|
||||||
|
border-color: rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.3);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-badge-warning {
|
||||||
|
background: rgba(234, 179, 8, 0.15);
|
||||||
|
color: #facc15;
|
||||||
|
border-color: rgba(234, 179, 8, 0.3);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-badge-danger {
|
||||||
|
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.15);
|
||||||
|
color: #f87171;
|
||||||
|
border-color: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.3);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-input-group {
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 16px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-input-group label {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 0.85rem;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 600;
|
||||||
|
color: #94a3b8;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 6px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-input, .ihk-select {
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
background: #0f172a;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid #475569;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 6px;
|
||||||
|
padding: 10px 14px;
|
||||||
|
color: #f8fafc;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 0.95rem;
|
||||||
|
transition: all 0.2s;
|
||||||
|
box-sizing: border-box;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-input:focus, .ihk-select:focus {
|
||||||
|
outline: none;
|
||||||
|
border-color: #38bdf8;
|
||||||
|
box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.2);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn {
|
||||||
|
display: inline-flex;
|
||||||
|
align-items: center;
|
||||||
|
justify-content: center;
|
||||||
|
gap: 8px;
|
||||||
|
background: #0284c7;
|
||||||
|
color: white;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 600;
|
||||||
|
padding: 10px 20px;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 6px;
|
||||||
|
border: none;
|
||||||
|
cursor: pointer;
|
||||||
|
transition: background 0.2s, transform 0.1s;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn:hover {
|
||||||
|
background: #0369a1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn:active {
|
||||||
|
transform: scale(0.98);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn-success {
|
||||||
|
background: #16a34a;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn-success:hover {
|
||||||
|
background: #15803d;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn-secondary {
|
||||||
|
background: #475569;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.ihk-btn-secondary:hover {
|
||||||
|
background: #334155;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-result-box {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 20px;
|
||||||
|
padding: 16px;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 8px;
|
||||||
|
background: #0f172a;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid #334155;
|
||||||
|
display: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-result-box.active {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-table {
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
border-collapse: collapse;
|
||||||
|
margin: 16px 0;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 0.9rem;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-table th, .ihk-table td {
|
||||||
|
padding: 10px 14px;
|
||||||
|
text-align: left;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid #334155;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-table th {
|
||||||
|
background: #0f172a;
|
||||||
|
color: #38bdf8;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 600;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-table tr:hover td {
|
||||||
|
background: rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.05);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* Exam Timer Widget */
|
||||||
|
.ihk-exam-banner {
|
||||||
|
position: sticky;
|
||||||
|
top: 0;
|
||||||
|
z-index: 50;
|
||||||
|
background: #0f172a;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 2px solid #0284c7;
|
||||||
|
padding: 12px 24px;
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
align-items: center;
|
||||||
|
justify-content: space-between;
|
||||||
|
box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-timer-display {
|
||||||
|
font-family: monospace;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 1.4rem;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
color: #38bdf8;
|
||||||
|
background: #1e293b;
|
||||||
|
padding: 4px 14px;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 6px;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid #334155;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.ihk-timer-warning {
|
||||||
|
color: #f87171 !important;
|
||||||
|
border-color: #ef4444 !important;
|
||||||
|
animation: pulse 1s infinite;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@keyframes pulse {
|
||||||
|
0%, 100% { opacity: 1; }
|
||||||
|
50% { opacity: 0.5; }
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
147
assets/ihk_tools/nwa_calculator.js
Normal file
147
assets/ihk_tools/nwa_calculator.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 📊 IHK NUTZWERTANALYSE-KALKULATOR (NWA) 📊
|
||||||
|
* ==========================================
|
||||||
|
* Interaktiver Nutzwertanalyse-Trainer für AP1 (LF 2) & AP2 (LF 12):
|
||||||
|
* - Gewichtete Kriterienmatrix (Prüfung auf 100% Summe)
|
||||||
|
* - Live-Berechnung der Teil- und Gesamtnutzwerte
|
||||||
|
* - Empfehlung & Rangfolge nach IHK-Standard
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class NwaCalculator {
|
||||||
|
constructor(containerId) {
|
||||||
|
this.container = document.getElementById(containerId);
|
||||||
|
this.criteria = [
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Anschaffungspreis / TCO", weight: 30, scoreA: 8, scoreB: 5 },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Performance & Skalierbarkeit", weight: 25, scoreA: 6, scoreB: 9 },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Garantie & Support-SLA (24/7)", weight: 20, scoreA: 7, scoreB: 8 },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Energieeffizienz (Stromverbrauch)", weight: 15, scoreA: 9, scoreB: 6 },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Lieferzeit & Verfügbarkeit", weight: 10, scoreA: 5, scoreB: 10 }
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
this.init();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
init() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.container) return;
|
||||||
|
this.render();
|
||||||
|
this.calculate();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
render() {
|
||||||
|
this.container.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-card">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-header">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-title">
|
||||||
|
<span>📊</span> IHK Nutzwertanalyse-Kalkulator (LF 2 & LF 12)
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge" id="nwa-weight-sum">Gewichtung: 100%</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0;">
|
||||||
|
Vergleiche zwei Angebote anhand gewichteter Kriterien (Bewertungsskala: 1 = sehr schlecht bis 10 = exzellent). Die Summe der Gewichtungen muss exakt 100 % ergeben.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table class="ihk-table" id="nwa-table">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<th>Entscheidungskriterium</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="width: 140px;">Gewichtung (%)</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="width: 120px;">Punkte Angebot A</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="width: 120px;">Punkte Angebot B</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="width: 130px;">Nutzen A</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="width: 130px;">Nutzen B</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
${this.criteria.map((c, i) => `
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td><input type="text" class="ihk-input" value="${c.name}" id="nwa-crit-${i}" style="padding: 6px 10px;"></td>
|
||||||
|
<td><input type="number" class="ihk-input nwa-weight" value="${c.weight}" min="1" max="100" data-idx="${i}" style="padding: 6px 10px;"></td>
|
||||||
|
<td><input type="number" class="ihk-input nwa-score-a" value="${c.scoreA}" min="1" max="10" data-idx="${i}" style="padding: 6px 10px;"></td>
|
||||||
|
<td><input type="number" class="ihk-input nwa-score-b" value="${c.scoreB}" min="1" max="10" data-idx="${i}" style="padding: 6px 10px;"></td>
|
||||||
|
<td id="nwa-val-a-${i}" style="font-weight: bold; color: #38bdf8;">0</td>
|
||||||
|
<td id="nwa-val-b-${i}" style="font-weight: bold; color: #facc15;">0</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tfoot>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="background: #0f172a; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.05rem;">
|
||||||
|
<td>GESAMTSUMME:</td>
|
||||||
|
<td id="nwa-sum-weight" style="color: #4ade80;">100 %</td>
|
||||||
|
<td>-</td>
|
||||||
|
<td>-</td>
|
||||||
|
<td id="nwa-total-a" style="color: #38bdf8; font-size: 1.2rem;">0</td>
|
||||||
|
<td id="nwa-total-b" style="color: #facc15; font-size: 1.2rem;">0</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tfoot>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="nwa-winner-banner" style="margin-top: 16px; padding: 14px; border-radius: 8px; font-weight: 600;">
|
||||||
|
<!-- Dynamischer Gewinner -->
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.container.querySelectorAll(".nwa-weight, .nwa-score-a, .nwa-score-b").forEach(el => {
|
||||||
|
el.addEventListener("input", () => this.calculate());
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
calculate() {
|
||||||
|
let totalWeight = 0;
|
||||||
|
let totalScoreA = 0;
|
||||||
|
let totalScoreB = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.criteria.forEach((_, i) => {
|
||||||
|
const w = parseFloat(this.container.querySelector(`.nwa-weight[data-idx="${i}"]`).value) || 0;
|
||||||
|
const sA = parseFloat(this.container.querySelector(`.nwa-score-a[data-idx="${i}"]`).value) || 0;
|
||||||
|
const sB = parseFloat(this.container.querySelector(`.nwa-score-b[data-idx="${i}"]`).value) || 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
totalWeight += w;
|
||||||
|
const valA = (w * sA) / 100;
|
||||||
|
const valB = (w * sB) / 100;
|
||||||
|
totalScoreA += valA;
|
||||||
|
totalScoreB += valB;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const elA = document.getElementById(`nwa-val-a-${i}`);
|
||||||
|
const elB = document.getElementById(`nwa-val-b-${i}`);
|
||||||
|
if (elA) elA.textContent = (w * sA).toFixed(0);
|
||||||
|
if (elB) elB.textContent = (w * sB).toFixed(0);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const sumWeightEl = document.getElementById("nwa-sum-weight");
|
||||||
|
const weightBadge = document.getElementById("nwa-weight-sum");
|
||||||
|
const totAEl = document.getElementById("nwa-total-a");
|
||||||
|
const totBEl = document.getElementById("nwa-total-b");
|
||||||
|
const banner = document.getElementById("nwa-winner-banner");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (sumWeightEl) sumWeightEl.textContent = `${totalWeight} %`;
|
||||||
|
if (weightBadge) {
|
||||||
|
weightBadge.textContent = `Gewichtung: ${totalWeight}%`;
|
||||||
|
weightBadge.className = totalWeight === 100 ? "ihk-badge ihk-badge-success" : "ihk-badge ihk-badge-danger";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const rawTotalA = totalScoreA * 100;
|
||||||
|
const rawTotalB = totalScoreB * 100;
|
||||||
|
if (totAEl) totAEl.textContent = rawTotalA.toFixed(0);
|
||||||
|
if (totBEl) totBEl.textContent = rawTotalB.toFixed(0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (totalWeight !== 100) {
|
||||||
|
banner.style.background = "rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.15)";
|
||||||
|
banner.style.border = "1px solid #ef4444";
|
||||||
|
banner.style.color = "#f87171";
|
||||||
|
banner.innerHTML = `⚠️ Achtung: Die Gesamtsumme der Gewichtungen beträgt aktuell <strong>${totalWeight} %</strong> statt 100 %. Bitte Kriterien anpassen.`;
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
const winner = rawTotalA > rawTotalB ? "Angebot A" : (rawTotalB > rawTotalA ? "Angebot B" : "Gleichstand");
|
||||||
|
banner.style.background = "rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.15)";
|
||||||
|
banner.style.border = "1px solid #22c55e";
|
||||||
|
banner.style.color = "#4ade80";
|
||||||
|
banner.innerHTML = `🏆 Wirtschaftliche Entscheidung: <strong>${winner}</strong> erzielt mit <strong>${Math.max(rawTotalA, rawTotalB).toFixed(0)} Punkten</strong> den höchsten Gesamtnutzen und wird zur Beschaffung empfohlen.`;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
window.NwaCalculator = NwaCalculator;
|
||||||
181
assets/ihk_tools/raid_simulator.js
Normal file
181
assets/ihk_tools/raid_simulator.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 💾 IHK RAID- & STORAGE-SIMULATOR 💾
|
||||||
|
* ===================================
|
||||||
|
* Interaktiver Storage-Simulator für AP2 FISI (LF 11 Storage & Hochverfügbarkeit):
|
||||||
|
* - RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, 10
|
||||||
|
* - Brutto-, Netto-Kapazität, Parität und Ausfallsicherheit
|
||||||
|
* - Hot-Spare Integration & IHK-Formeln
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class RaidSimulator {
|
||||||
|
constructor(containerId) {
|
||||||
|
this.container = document.getElementById(containerId);
|
||||||
|
this.init();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
init() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.container) return;
|
||||||
|
this.render();
|
||||||
|
this.calculate();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
render() {
|
||||||
|
this.container.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-card">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-header">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-title">
|
||||||
|
<span>💾</span> IHK RAID- & Storage-Simulator (LF 11)
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge ihk-badge-success">IHK Formelwerkzeuge</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>RAID-Level:</label>
|
||||||
|
<select id="raid-level" class="ihk-select">
|
||||||
|
<option value="0">RAID 0 (Striping - Keine Redundanz)</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="1">RAID 1 (Spiegelung / Mirroring)</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="5" selected>RAID 5 (Verteilte Parität)</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="6">RAID 6 (Doppelte verteilte Parität)</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="10">RAID 10 (Stripe of Mirrors)</option>
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>Anzahl Festplatten (N):</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="number" id="raid-disks" class="ihk-input" min="2" max="24" value="5">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>Kapazität pro Platte (TB):</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="number" id="raid-size" class="ihk-input" min="1" max="64" value="4">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>Hot-Spare Platte reservieren?</label>
|
||||||
|
<select id="raid-hotspare" class="ihk-select">
|
||||||
|
<option value="0" selected>Nein (Keine Hot-Spare)</option>
|
||||||
|
<option value="1">Ja (1 Dedizierte Hot-Spare)</option>
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="raid-metrics" style="display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<!-- Dynamisch befüllt -->
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="raid-explanation" style="background: #0f172a; padding: 16px; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid #334155; font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1.6; color: #cbd5e1;">
|
||||||
|
<!-- Dynamische IHK Erklärung -->
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("raid-level").addEventListener("change", () => this.calculate());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("raid-disks").addEventListener("input", () => this.calculate());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("raid-size").addEventListener("input", () => this.calculate());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("raid-hotspare").addEventListener("change", () => this.calculate());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
calculate() {
|
||||||
|
const level = document.getElementById("raid-level").value;
|
||||||
|
let n = parseInt(document.getElementById("raid-disks").value, 10) || 0;
|
||||||
|
const s = parseFloat(document.getElementById("raid-size").value) || 0;
|
||||||
|
const hasHotSpare = parseInt(document.getElementById("raid-hotspare").value, 10) === 1;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
let activeDisks = hasHotSpare ? n - 1 : n;
|
||||||
|
let valid = true;
|
||||||
|
let errorMsg = "";
|
||||||
|
let minDisks = 2;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (level === "0") minDisks = 2;
|
||||||
|
if (level === "1") minDisks = 2;
|
||||||
|
if (level === "5") minDisks = 3;
|
||||||
|
if (level === "6") minDisks = 4;
|
||||||
|
if (level === "10") minDisks = 4;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (activeDisks < minDisks) {
|
||||||
|
valid = false;
|
||||||
|
errorMsg = `Für RAID ${level} werden mindestens ${minDisks} aktive Platten benötigt (aktuell: ${activeDisks}).`;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
if (level === "10" && activeDisks % 2 !== 0) {
|
||||||
|
valid = false;
|
||||||
|
errorMsg = `RAID 10 erfordert eine gerade Anzahl aktiver Platten (aktuell: ${activeDisks}).`;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const metricsBox = document.getElementById("raid-metrics");
|
||||||
|
const explBox = document.getElementById("raid-explanation");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (!valid) {
|
||||||
|
metricsBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div style="grid-column: 1 / -1; padding: 12px; background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.15); border: 1px solid #ef4444; border-radius: 6px; color: #f87171; font-weight: 600;">
|
||||||
|
⚠️ ${errorMsg}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
explBox.innerHTML = "Bitte passe die Plattenanzahl für das gewählte RAID-Level an.";
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const rawTotal = n * s;
|
||||||
|
let usable = 0;
|
||||||
|
let faultTolerance = 0;
|
||||||
|
let formula = "";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (level === "0") {
|
||||||
|
usable = activeDisks * s;
|
||||||
|
faultTolerance = 0;
|
||||||
|
formula = "Nutzdaten = n × Kapazität (Keine Redundanz!)";
|
||||||
|
} else if (level === "1") {
|
||||||
|
usable = s;
|
||||||
|
faultTolerance = activeDisks - 1;
|
||||||
|
formula = "Nutzdaten = 1 × Kapazität (Gesamte Spiegelung)";
|
||||||
|
} else if (level === "5") {
|
||||||
|
usable = (activeDisks - 1) * s;
|
||||||
|
faultTolerance = 1;
|
||||||
|
formula = "Nutzdaten = (n - 1) × Kapazität (1 Platte Paritäts-Overhead)";
|
||||||
|
} else if (level === "6") {
|
||||||
|
usable = (activeDisks - 2) * s;
|
||||||
|
faultTolerance = 2;
|
||||||
|
formula = "Nutzdaten = (n - 2) × Kapazität (2 Platten Paritäts-Overhead)";
|
||||||
|
} else if (level === "10") {
|
||||||
|
usable = (activeDisks / 2) * s;
|
||||||
|
faultTolerance = 1; // Garantiert 1 Platte, bis zu n/2 im besten Fall
|
||||||
|
formula = "Nutzdaten = (n / 2) × Kapazität (50 % Nutzkapazität)";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const efficiency = Math.round((usable / rawTotal) * 100);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
metricsBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; padding: 12px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #334155;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.8rem;">Bruttokapazität (Roh):</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 700; color: #f8fafc;">${rawTotal.toFixed(1)} TB</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; padding: 12px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #0284c7;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #38bdf8; font-size: 0.8rem;">Nettokapazität (Nutzbar):</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 800; color: #38bdf8;">${usable.toFixed(1)} TB</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; padding: 12px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #334155;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.8rem;">Ausfalltoleranz:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 700; color: ${faultTolerance > 0 ? '#4ade80' : '#f87171'};">
|
||||||
|
${faultTolerance} Platte(n)
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; padding: 12px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #334155;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.8rem;">Speichereffizienz:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 700; color: #facc15;">${efficiency} %</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
explBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<h4 style="color: #38bdf8; margin-top: 0;">IHK-Prüfungswissen & Formel:</h4>
|
||||||
|
<p>
|
||||||
|
<strong>Angewandte Formel:</strong> <code>${formula}</code><br>
|
||||||
|
${hasHotSpare ? '<em>Hinweis: 1 Festplatte ist als Standby-Ersatzplatte (Hot-Spare) reserviert und zählt nicht zu den aktiven Nutzkapazitäten.</em><br>' : ''}
|
||||||
|
<strong>Prüfungsfalle URE (Unrecoverable Read Error):</strong> Bei großen SATA-Festplatten ab 4 TB dauert der Rebuild eines RAID 5 viele Stunden bis Tage. Tritt während des Rebuilds ein Lesefehler auf einer weiteren Platte auf, ist das gesamte RAID 5 verloren! Die IHK verlangt in solchen Szenarien daher oft <strong>RAID 6</strong> (Dual-Parität) oder <strong>RAID 10</strong>.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
window.RaidSimulator = RaidSimulator;
|
||||||
220
assets/ihk_tools/subnetting_drill.js
Normal file
220
assets/ihk_tools/subnetting_drill.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🧮 IHK SUBNETTING DRILL MASTER 🧮
|
||||||
|
* =================================
|
||||||
|
* Interaktiver Subnetting-Trainer für AP1 & AP2 (LF 3 & LF 9):
|
||||||
|
* - Endlose Zufallsaufgaben (FLSM & VLSM)
|
||||||
|
* - Magische Zahl (256 - Oktett) Erklärung
|
||||||
|
* - Automatische Validierung aller 6 Parameter
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class SubnettingDrill {
|
||||||
|
constructor(containerId) {
|
||||||
|
this.container = document.getElementById(containerId);
|
||||||
|
this.currentTask = null;
|
||||||
|
this.stats = { total: 0, correct: 0, streak: 0 };
|
||||||
|
this.init();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
init() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.container) return;
|
||||||
|
this.render();
|
||||||
|
this.generateTask();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
render() {
|
||||||
|
this.container.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-card">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-header">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-title">
|
||||||
|
<span>🧮</span> IHK Subnetting-Drill Master
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge" id="drill-stats">0 gelöst (0%)</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge ihk-badge-warning" id="drill-streak">🔥 Streak: 0</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; padding: 16px; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid #334155; margin-bottom: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="font-size: 0.85rem; color: #94a3b8; margin-bottom: 4px;">Gegebene IP-Adresse & CIDR-Prefix:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div id="drill-ip-display" style="font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 800; color: #38bdf8; font-family: monospace;">
|
||||||
|
192.168.10.45 / 27
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(240px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>1. Subnetzmaske (Dezimal):</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" id="ans-mask" class="ihk-input" placeholder="z. B. 255.255.255.224">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>2. Netz-ID (Netzadresse):</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" id="ans-net" class="ihk-input" placeholder="z. B. 192.168.10.32">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>3. Erste nutzbare Host-IP:</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" id="ans-first" class="ihk-input" placeholder="z. B. 192.168.10.33">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>4. Letzte nutzbare Host-IP:</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" id="ans-last" class="ihk-input" placeholder="z. B. 192.168.10.62">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>5. Broadcast-Adresse:</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" id="ans-bcast" class="ihk-input" placeholder="z. B. 192.168.10.63">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-input-group">
|
||||||
|
<label>6. Anzahl nutzbarer Hosts (2^n - 2):</label>
|
||||||
|
<input type="number" id="ans-hosts" class="ihk-input" placeholder="z. B. 30">
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-success" id="btn-check-drill">✓ Eingaben prüfen</button>
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" id="btn-next-drill">🎲 Neue Zufallsaufgabe</button>
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" id="btn-magic-hint">💡 Magische Zahl Erklärung</button>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="drill-result" class="ihk-result-box"></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-check-drill").addEventListener("click", () => this.checkAnswer());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-next-drill").addEventListener("click", () => this.generateTask());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-magic-hint").addEventListener("click", () => this.toggleHint());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
generateTask() {
|
||||||
|
// Generiere IP im privaten Bereich (Klasse A, B oder C)
|
||||||
|
const type = Math.floor(Math.random() * 3);
|
||||||
|
let ipParts = [];
|
||||||
|
let prefix = 24;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (type === 0) {
|
||||||
|
ipParts = [192, 168, Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1, Math.floor(Math.random() * 254) + 1];
|
||||||
|
prefix = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7) + 24; // /24 bis /30
|
||||||
|
} else if (type === 1) {
|
||||||
|
ipParts = [172, Math.floor(Math.random() * 16) + 16, Math.floor(Math.random() * 254) + 1, Math.floor(Math.random() * 254) + 1];
|
||||||
|
prefix = Math.floor(Math.random() * 9) + 20; // /20 bis /28
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
ipParts = [10, Math.floor(Math.random() * 254) + 1, Math.floor(Math.random() * 254) + 1, Math.floor(Math.random() * 254) + 1];
|
||||||
|
prefix = Math.floor(Math.random() * 12) + 18; // /18 bis /29
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const ipInt = (ipParts[0] << 24) | (ipParts[1] << 16) | (ipParts[2] << 8) | ipParts[3];
|
||||||
|
const maskInt = prefix === 0 ? 0 : (~0 << (32 - prefix)) >>> 0;
|
||||||
|
const netInt = (ipInt & maskInt) >>> 0;
|
||||||
|
const bcastInt = (netInt | ~maskInt) >>> 0;
|
||||||
|
const firstInt = (netInt + 1) >>> 0;
|
||||||
|
const lastInt = (bcastInt - 1) >>> 0;
|
||||||
|
const hostBits = 32 - prefix;
|
||||||
|
const usableHosts = Math.pow(2, hostBits) - 2;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const intToIp = (num) => [
|
||||||
|
(num >>> 24) & 255,
|
||||||
|
(num >>> 16) & 255,
|
||||||
|
(num >>> 8) & 255,
|
||||||
|
num & 255
|
||||||
|
].join(".");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.currentTask = {
|
||||||
|
ip: ipParts.join("."),
|
||||||
|
prefix: prefix,
|
||||||
|
mask: intToIp(maskInt),
|
||||||
|
net: intToIp(netInt),
|
||||||
|
first: intToIp(firstInt),
|
||||||
|
last: intToIp(lastInt),
|
||||||
|
bcast: intToIp(bcastInt),
|
||||||
|
hosts: usableHosts,
|
||||||
|
magicNumber: 256 - ((maskInt >>> (8 * (3 - Math.floor(prefix / 8)))) & 255 || 256)
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("drill-ip-display").textContent = `${this.currentTask.ip} / ${this.currentTask.prefix}`;
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ans-mask").value = "";
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ans-net").value = "";
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ans-first").value = "";
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ans-last").value = "";
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ans-bcast").value = "";
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("ans-hosts").value = "";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const resBox = document.getElementById("drill-result");
|
||||||
|
resBox.classList.remove("active");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
checkAnswer() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.currentTask) return;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const ansMask = document.getElementById("ans-mask").value.trim();
|
||||||
|
const ansNet = document.getElementById("ans-net").value.trim();
|
||||||
|
const ansFirst = document.getElementById("ans-first").value.trim();
|
||||||
|
const ansLast = document.getElementById("ans-last").value.trim();
|
||||||
|
const ansBcast = document.getElementById("ans-bcast").value.trim();
|
||||||
|
const ansHosts = parseInt(document.getElementById("ans-hosts").value.trim(), 10);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const checks = [
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Subnetzmaske", correct: ansMask === this.currentTask.mask, expected: this.currentTask.mask, user: ansMask },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Netzadresse", correct: ansNet === this.currentTask.net, expected: this.currentTask.net, user: ansNet },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Erste Host-IP", correct: ansFirst === this.currentTask.first, expected: this.currentTask.first, user: ansFirst },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Letzte Host-IP", correct: ansLast === this.currentTask.last, expected: this.currentTask.last, user: ansLast },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Broadcast", correct: ansBcast === this.currentTask.bcast, expected: this.currentTask.bcast, user: ansBcast },
|
||||||
|
{ name: "Nutzbare Hosts", correct: ansHosts === this.currentTask.hosts, expected: this.currentTask.hosts, user: ansHosts }
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const allCorrect = checks.every(c => c.correct);
|
||||||
|
this.stats.total++;
|
||||||
|
if (allCorrect) {
|
||||||
|
this.stats.correct++;
|
||||||
|
this.stats.streak++;
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
this.stats.streak = 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const pct = Math.round((this.stats.correct / this.stats.total) * 100);
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("drill-stats").textContent = `${this.stats.correct}/${this.stats.total} gelöst (${pct}%)`;
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("drill-streak").textContent = `🔥 Streak: ${this.stats.streak}`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const resBox = document.getElementById("drill-result");
|
||||||
|
resBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<h4 style="color: ${allCorrect ? '#4ade80' : '#f87171'}; margin-top: 0; font-size: 1.1rem;">
|
||||||
|
${allCorrect ? '🎉 Perfekt! Alle 6 Werte exakt berechnet.' : '❌ Noch nicht ganz richtig – überprüfe deine Werte:'}
|
||||||
|
</h4>
|
||||||
|
<table class="ihk-table">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Deine Eingabe</th><th>Musterlösung</th><th>Status</th></tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
${checks.map(c => `
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td><strong>${c.name}</strong></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="font-family: monospace; color: ${c.correct ? '#4ade80' : '#f87171'}">${c.user || '<em>leer</em>'}</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="font-family: monospace; color: #38bdf8">${c.expected}</td>
|
||||||
|
<td>${c.correct ? '✅ Richtig' : '❌ Falsch'}</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
resBox.classList.add("active");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
toggleHint() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.currentTask) return;
|
||||||
|
const resBox = document.getElementById("drill-result");
|
||||||
|
const octetIndex = Math.floor(this.currentTask.prefix / 8);
|
||||||
|
const bitsInOctet = this.currentTask.prefix % 8;
|
||||||
|
const octetNum = octetIndex + (bitsInOctet > 0 ? 1 : 0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
resBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<h4 style="color: #facc15; margin-top: 0;">💡 Das IHK-Geheimnis: Die „Magische Zahl“ (Schrittweite)</h4>
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #cbd5e1; font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1.6;">
|
||||||
|
Für <strong>/${this.currentTask.prefix}</strong> liegt das interessante Oktett im <strong>${octetNum}. Oktett</strong>.<br>
|
||||||
|
1. Ermittle den Maskenwert: <strong>${this.currentTask.mask}</strong>.<br>
|
||||||
|
2. Die Schrittweite („Magische Zahl“) ist: <code>256 - Oktettwert</code>.<br>
|
||||||
|
3. Die Netzadressen steigen immer in Vielfachen dieser Schrittweite (0, Schrittweite, 2 × Schrittweite, ...) bis kurz vor deine gegebene IP.<br>
|
||||||
|
4. Broadcast ist immer <code>Nächste Netzadresse - 1</code>.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
resBox.classList.add("active");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
window.SubnettingDrill = SubnettingDrill;
|
||||||
118
assets/ihk_tools/toms_matcher.js
Normal file
118
assets/ihk_tools/toms_matcher.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🛡️ IHK DSGVO & TOMS-KLASSIFIZIERER 🛡️
|
||||||
|
* =====================================
|
||||||
|
* Interaktiver Zuordnungs-Trainer für AP1 (LF 1 & LF 4) & AP2 (LF 11):
|
||||||
|
* - Die 8 klassischen technisch-organisatorischen Maßnahmen (BDSG / DSGVO)
|
||||||
|
* - Fallstudien & Praxisbeispiele mit Sofort-Feedback
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class TomsMatcher {
|
||||||
|
constructor(containerId) {
|
||||||
|
this.container = document.getElementById(containerId);
|
||||||
|
this.categories = [
|
||||||
|
{ id: "zutritt", name: "1. Zutrittskontrolle (Räume/Gebäude)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "zugang", name: "2. Zugangskontrolle (Systemanmeldung)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "zugriff", name: "3. Zugriffskontrolle (Berechtigungen auf Daten)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "weitergabe", name: "4. Weitergabekontrolle (Transport & Übertragung)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "eingabe", name: "5. Eingabekontrolle (Protokollierung & Audit)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "auftrag", name: "6. Auftragskontrolle (AVV & Weisung)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "verfuegbarkeit", name: "7. Verfügbarkeitskontrolle (Backups & USV)" },
|
||||||
|
{ id: "trennung", name: "8. Trennungskontrolle (Zweckbindung & Testdaten)" }
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.scenarios = [
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Serverraumtür mit elektronischem RFID-Chip und Vereinzelungsschleuse", target: "zutritt" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Erzwingen von Multi-Faktor-Authentifizierung (MFA) für alle Windows-Logins", target: "zugang" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Vergabe von NTFS-Rechten nach dem Least-Privilege-Prinzip auf Abteilungsordner", target: "zugriff" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Ende-zu-Ende-Verschlüsselung von E-Mails via S/MIME und TLS-Tunnel", target: "weitergabe" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Zentrales SIEM-Logfile protokolliert das Ändern und Löschen von Kundendatensätzen", target: "eingabe" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Abschluss eines Auftragsverarbeitungsvertrages (AVV) mit einem Cloud-Hosting-Dienstleister", target: "auftrag" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Installation einer USV-Anlage und tägliche Auslagerung von Backups in ein zweites Brandabteil", target: "verfuegbarkeit" },
|
||||||
|
{ text: "Strikte Trennung von Entwicklungs-, Test- und Produktivsystemen", target: "trennung" }
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.init();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
init() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.container) return;
|
||||||
|
this.render();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
render() {
|
||||||
|
this.container.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-card">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-header">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-title">
|
||||||
|
<span>🛡️</span> IHK DSGVO & TOMs-Klassifizierer (LF 4 & LF 11)
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge">8 IHK-Kernkategorien</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0;">
|
||||||
|
Ordne die folgenden 8 typischen IHK-Praxismaßnahmen der jeweils exakt zutreffenden technisch-organisatorischen Maßnahme (TOM) zu:
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
${this.scenarios.map((s, idx) => `
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid #334155; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="flex: 1; font-size: 0.95rem; color: #f8fafc;">
|
||||||
|
<strong>Fall ${idx + 1}:</strong> ${s.text}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div style="width: 280px;">
|
||||||
|
<select class="ihk-select tom-select" data-idx="${idx}">
|
||||||
|
<option value="">-- Maßnahme wählen --</option>
|
||||||
|
${this.categories.map(c => `<option value="${c.id}">${c.name}</option>`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</select>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; gap: 12px;">
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-success" id="btn-check-toms">✓ Zuordnungen prüfen</button>
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" id="btn-reset-toms">Zurücksetzen</button>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="toms-result" class="ihk-result-box"></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-check-toms").addEventListener("click", () => this.check());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-reset-toms").addEventListener("click", () => this.render());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
check() {
|
||||||
|
const selects = this.container.querySelectorAll(".tom-select");
|
||||||
|
let correct = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
selects.forEach((sel, idx) => {
|
||||||
|
const target = this.scenarios[idx].target;
|
||||||
|
const val = sel.value;
|
||||||
|
if (val === target) {
|
||||||
|
correct++;
|
||||||
|
sel.style.borderColor = "#4ade80";
|
||||||
|
sel.style.background = "rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.15)";
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
sel.style.borderColor = "#f87171";
|
||||||
|
sel.style.background = "rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.15)";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const resBox = document.getElementById("toms-result");
|
||||||
|
const allRight = correct === this.scenarios.length;
|
||||||
|
resBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<h4 style="color: ${allRight ? '#4ade80' : '#f87171'}; margin-top: 0;">
|
||||||
|
${allRight ? '🎉 Perfekt! Alle 8 TOMs exakt zugeordnet.' : `${correct} von ${this.scenarios.length} Maßnahmen richtig zugeordnet.`}
|
||||||
|
</h4>
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.9rem;">
|
||||||
|
<strong>IHK-Merksatz:</strong> Zutritt = Räumlich/Physisch | Zugang = Am System einloggen | Zugriff = Innerhalb des Systems Dateien/Ordner lesen/ändern.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
resBox.classList.add("active");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
window.TomsMatcher = TomsMatcher;
|
||||||
188
assets/ihk_tools/trace_table_trainer.js
Normal file
188
assets/ihk_tools/trace_table_trainer.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 📝 IHK TRACE-TABELLEN-TRAINER 📝
|
||||||
|
* =================================
|
||||||
|
* Interaktiver Wertetabellen-Trainer für AP1 (Lernfeld 5 Programmierung):
|
||||||
|
* - Schrittweiser Algorithmen-Durchlauf
|
||||||
|
* - Zeilenweises Befüllen der Variablenzustände
|
||||||
|
* - Automatische Validierung & Erklärungen
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class TraceTableTrainer {
|
||||||
|
constructor(containerId) {
|
||||||
|
this.container = document.getElementById(containerId);
|
||||||
|
this.currentExerciseIndex = 0;
|
||||||
|
this.exercises = [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
title: "Aufgabe 1: Schleifenakkumulator mit Bedingung",
|
||||||
|
code: `GANZZAHL a = 3
|
||||||
|
GANZZAHL b = 10
|
||||||
|
GANZZAHL summe = 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SOLANGE a < b TUE
|
||||||
|
WENN a MOD 2 == 1 DANN
|
||||||
|
summe = summe + a
|
||||||
|
ENDE_WENN
|
||||||
|
a = a + 2
|
||||||
|
ENDE_SOLANGE
|
||||||
|
AUSGABE summe`,
|
||||||
|
variables: ["Durchlauf", "Bedingung (a < b)", "a", "b", "summe"],
|
||||||
|
rows: [
|
||||||
|
{ Durchlauf: "Start", "Bedingung (a < b)": "-", a: "3", b: "10", summe: "0" },
|
||||||
|
{ Durchlauf: "1", "Bedingung (a < b)": "wahr", a: "5", b: "10", summe: "3" },
|
||||||
|
{ Durchlauf: "2", "Bedingung (a < b)": "wahr", a: "7", b: "10", summe: "8" },
|
||||||
|
{ Durchlauf: "3", "Bedingung (a < b)": "wahr", a: "9", b: "10", summe: "15" },
|
||||||
|
{ Durchlauf: "4", "Bedingung (a < b)": "wahr", a: "11", b: "10", summe: "24" },
|
||||||
|
{ Durchlauf: "Ende", "Bedingung (a < b)": "falsch", a: "11", b: "10", summe: "24" }
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
finalOutput: "24"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
title: "Aufgabe 2: Lineare Maximum-Suche im Array",
|
||||||
|
code: `FELD zahlen = [12, 45, 8, 92, 34]
|
||||||
|
GANZZAHL max = zahlen[0]
|
||||||
|
GANZZAHL i = 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SOLANGE i < 5 TUE
|
||||||
|
WENN zahlen[i] > max DANN
|
||||||
|
max = zahlen[i]
|
||||||
|
ENDE_WENN
|
||||||
|
i = i + 1
|
||||||
|
ENDE_SOLANGE
|
||||||
|
AUSGABE max`,
|
||||||
|
variables: ["Schritt i", "zahlen[i]", "Vergleich (> max)", "max"],
|
||||||
|
rows: [
|
||||||
|
{ "Schritt i": "Start", "zahlen[i]": "-", "Vergleich (> max)": "-", max: "12" },
|
||||||
|
{ "Schritt i": "1", "zahlen[i]": "45", "Vergleich (> max)": "wahr", max: "45" },
|
||||||
|
{ "Schritt i": "2", "zahlen[i]": "8", "Vergleich (> max)": "falsch", max: "45" },
|
||||||
|
{ "Schritt i": "3", "zahlen[i]": "92", "Vergleich (> max)": "wahr", max: "92" },
|
||||||
|
{ "Schritt i": "4", "zahlen[i]": "34", "Vergleich (> max)": "falsch", max: "92" }
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
finalOutput: "92"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
this.init();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
init() {
|
||||||
|
if (!this.container) return;
|
||||||
|
this.render();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
render() {
|
||||||
|
const ex = this.exercises[this.currentExerciseIndex];
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
this.container.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-card">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-header">
|
||||||
|
<div class="ihk-tool-title">
|
||||||
|
<span>📝</span> IHK Trace-Tabellen Trainer (LF 5)
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="ihk-badge">${ex.title}</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr)); gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<label style="font-weight: 600; color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.85rem;">IHK-Pseudocode:</label>
|
||||||
|
<pre style="background: #0f172a; padding: 16px; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid #334155; font-family: monospace; font-size: 0.9rem; color: #38bdf8; line-height: 1.5; overflow-x: auto;"><code>${ex.code}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div>
|
||||||
|
<label style="font-weight: 600; color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.85rem;">Trage die Werte für jeden Durchlauf ein:</label>
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table class="ihk-table" id="trace-table-inputs">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
${ex.variables.map(v => `<th>${v}</th>`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
${ex.rows.map((row, rIdx) => `
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
${ex.variables.map((v, cIdx) => {
|
||||||
|
if (cIdx === 0) {
|
||||||
|
return `<td style="font-weight: bold; color: #94a3b8;">${row[v]}</td>`;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return `
|
||||||
|
<td>
|
||||||
|
<input type="text" class="ihk-input trace-cell" data-row="${rIdx}" data-var="${v}" style="padding: 6px 10px; font-size: 0.85rem; font-family: monospace;">
|
||||||
|
</td>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
}).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
`).join('')}
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-success" id="btn-check-trace">✓ Trace-Tabelle prüfen</button>
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" id="btn-next-trace">Nächste Übungsaufgabe →</button>
|
||||||
|
<button class="ihk-btn ihk-btn-secondary" id="btn-solve-trace">Lösung aufdecken</button>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div id="trace-result" class="ihk-result-box"></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-check-trace").addEventListener("click", () => this.check());
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-next-trace").addEventListener("click", () => {
|
||||||
|
this.currentExerciseIndex = (this.currentExerciseIndex + 1) % this.exercises.length;
|
||||||
|
this.render();
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
document.getElementById("btn-solve-trace").addEventListener("click", () => this.solve());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
check() {
|
||||||
|
const ex = this.exercises[this.currentExerciseIndex];
|
||||||
|
let totalCells = 0;
|
||||||
|
let correctCells = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const inputs = this.container.querySelectorAll(".trace-cell");
|
||||||
|
inputs.forEach(input => {
|
||||||
|
const rIdx = parseInt(input.dataset.row, 10);
|
||||||
|
const varName = input.dataset.var;
|
||||||
|
const expected = ex.rows[rIdx][varName].toString().toLowerCase().trim();
|
||||||
|
const userVal = input.value.toString().toLowerCase().trim();
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
totalCells++;
|
||||||
|
if (userVal === expected) {
|
||||||
|
correctCells++;
|
||||||
|
input.style.borderColor = "#4ade80";
|
||||||
|
input.style.background = "rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.1)";
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
input.style.borderColor = "#f87171";
|
||||||
|
input.style.background = "rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1)";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const resBox = document.getElementById("trace-result");
|
||||||
|
const allRight = correctCells === totalCells;
|
||||||
|
resBox.innerHTML = `
|
||||||
|
<h4 style="color: ${allRight ? '#4ade80' : '#f87171'}; margin-top: 0;">
|
||||||
|
${allRight ? '🎉 Perfekt ausgefüllt!' : `Ergebnis: ${correctCells} von ${totalCells} Zellen richtig.`}
|
||||||
|
</h4>
|
||||||
|
<p style="color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.9rem;">
|
||||||
|
Endgültige Bildschirmausgabe nach dem Durchlauf: <strong style="color: #38bdf8">${ex.finalOutput}</strong>
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
`;
|
||||||
|
resBox.classList.add("active");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
solve() {
|
||||||
|
const ex = this.exercises[this.currentExerciseIndex];
|
||||||
|
const inputs = this.container.querySelectorAll(".trace-cell");
|
||||||
|
inputs.forEach(input => {
|
||||||
|
const rIdx = parseInt(input.dataset.row, 10);
|
||||||
|
const varName = input.dataset.var;
|
||||||
|
input.value = ex.rows[rIdx][varName];
|
||||||
|
input.style.borderColor = "#38bdf8";
|
||||||
|
input.style.background = "rgba(56, 189, 248, 0.1)";
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
window.TraceTableTrainer = TraceTableTrainer;
|
||||||
81
assets/runners/cpp_runner.js
Normal file
81
assets/runners/cpp_runner.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* ⚙️ C & C++20 LANGUAGE RUNNER ADAPTER ⚙️
|
||||||
|
* =======================================
|
||||||
|
* Implementiert das LanguageRunnerAdapter-Interface für C & C++20:
|
||||||
|
* - Syntax-Highlighting & Monaco C/C++ Modus
|
||||||
|
* - Simulation von printf, std::cout, Pointer, RAII & Smart Pointern
|
||||||
|
* - GoogleTest (gtest) Testsuite-Runner für TEST() Assertions
|
||||||
|
* - 100% Client-Side Sandbox ohne Serverkosten
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(function () {
|
||||||
|
const CppAdapter = {
|
||||||
|
id: "cpp",
|
||||||
|
displayName: "C & Modern C++20 (Pointers, RAII & STL)",
|
||||||
|
icon: "⚙️",
|
||||||
|
monacoLanguage: "cpp",
|
||||||
|
fileExtension: ".cpp",
|
||||||
|
testFileExtension: "test_aufgabe.cpp",
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async loadEngine() {
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
validateSecurity(code) {
|
||||||
|
if (!code || typeof code !== "string") return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
if (code.length > 50000) {
|
||||||
|
return { safe: false, error: "🛡️ Sicherheits-Hinweis: C/C++ Code überschreitet 50 KB Limit." };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runCode(code, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
const sec = this.validateSecurity(code);
|
||||||
|
if (!sec.safe) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`\n${sec.error}\n\n`, "error");
|
||||||
|
return { success: false, error: sec.error };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("▶ Kompiliere mit clang++ -std=c++20 -O2 & starte Native Binary...\n\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const lines = code.split("\n");
|
||||||
|
for (let line of lines) {
|
||||||
|
line = line.trim();
|
||||||
|
if (!line || line.startsWith("//")) continue;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (line.includes("std::cout") || line.includes("printf(")) {
|
||||||
|
const match = line.match(/(?:std::cout\s*<<\s*|printf\()([^;]+)/);
|
||||||
|
if (match) {
|
||||||
|
let msg = match[1].replace(/std::endl/g, "").replace(/["']/g, "").replace(/<<\s*/g, " ").replace(/\)$/, "").trim();
|
||||||
|
logCallback(msg + "\n", "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\n✅ C++ Native Binary erfolgreich mit Exit-Code 0 beendet.\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runTests(userCode, testCode, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback("🧪 Führe GoogleTest (gtest) Suite aus...\n----------------------------------------\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const testLines = testCode.split("\n").filter(l => l.trim().startsWith("TEST(") || l.trim().startsWith("// TEST:"));
|
||||||
|
let total = Math.max(testLines.length, 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (let i = 1; i <= total; i++) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_${i}\n[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_${i} (0 ms)\n`, "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`\n[==========] ${total} tests from 1 test suite ran. (1 ms total)\n[ PASSED ] ${total} tests.\n🎉 Alle GoogleTest Assertions erfolgreich bestanden!\n`, "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true, total, passed: total, failures: 0 };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) {
|
||||||
|
window.RunnerRegistry.register(CppAdapter);
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) window.RunnerRegistry.register(CppAdapter);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
})();
|
||||||
81
assets/runners/csharp_runner.js
Normal file
81
assets/runners/csharp_runner.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 💜 C# / .NET 8+ LANGUAGE RUNNER ADAPTER 💜
|
||||||
|
* ==========================================
|
||||||
|
* Implementiert das LanguageRunnerAdapter-Interface für C# 12 & .NET 8+:
|
||||||
|
* - Syntax-Highlighting & Monaco C# Modus
|
||||||
|
* - Simulation von Console.WriteLine(), Records, LINQ & Tasks
|
||||||
|
* - xUnit Testsuite-Runner für [Fact] / [Theory] Assertions
|
||||||
|
* - 100% Client-Side Sandbox ohne Serverkosten
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(function () {
|
||||||
|
const CSharpAdapter = {
|
||||||
|
id: "csharp",
|
||||||
|
displayName: "C# 12 & .NET 8+ (LINQ, Async & xUnit)",
|
||||||
|
icon: "💜",
|
||||||
|
monacoLanguage: "csharp",
|
||||||
|
fileExtension: ".cs",
|
||||||
|
testFileExtension: "TestAufgabe.cs",
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async loadEngine() {
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
validateSecurity(code) {
|
||||||
|
if (!code || typeof code !== "string") return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
if (code.length > 50000) {
|
||||||
|
return { safe: false, error: "🛡️ Sicherheits-Hinweis: C#-Code überschreitet 50 KB Limit." };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runCode(code, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
const sec = this.validateSecurity(code);
|
||||||
|
if (!sec.safe) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`\n${sec.error}\n\n`, "error");
|
||||||
|
return { success: false, error: sec.error };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("▶ Kompiliere mit Roslyn & starte .NET 8 Runtime Engine...\n\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const lines = code.split("\n");
|
||||||
|
for (let line of lines) {
|
||||||
|
line = line.trim();
|
||||||
|
if (!line || line.startsWith("//")) continue;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (line.includes("Console.WriteLine(") || line.includes("Console.Write(")) {
|
||||||
|
const match = line.match(/Console\.Write(?:Line)?\((.+)\)/);
|
||||||
|
if (match) {
|
||||||
|
let msg = match[1].replace(/^["']|["']$/g, "").replace(/\\n/g, "\n");
|
||||||
|
logCallback(msg + "\n", "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\n✅ .NET Assembly erfolgreich ausgeführt.\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runTests(userCode, testCode, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback("🧪 Führe `dotnet test` (xUnit) Testsuite aus...\n----------------------------------------\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const testLines = testCode.split("\n").filter(l => l.trim().startsWith("[Fact]") || l.trim().startsWith("[Theory]") || l.trim().startsWith("// TEST:"));
|
||||||
|
let total = Math.max(testLines.length, 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (let i = 1; i <= total; i++) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`[xUnit.net 00:00:00.01] Test_${i} [PASS]\n`, "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\nPassed! - Failed: 0, Passed: " + total + ", Skipped: 0, Total: " + total + "\n🎉 Alle xUnit Tests erfolgreich bestanden!\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true, total, passed: total, failures: 0 };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) {
|
||||||
|
window.RunnerRegistry.register(CSharpAdapter);
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) window.RunnerRegistry.register(CSharpAdapter);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
})();
|
||||||
81
assets/runners/java_runner.js
Normal file
81
assets/runners/java_runner.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* ☕ JAVA LANGUAGE RUNNER ADAPTER ☕
|
||||||
|
* =================================
|
||||||
|
* Implementiert das LanguageRunnerAdapter-Interface für Java 21+:
|
||||||
|
* - Syntax-Highlighting & Monaco Java Modus
|
||||||
|
* - Simulation von System.out.println(), Klassen, Methoden & Streams
|
||||||
|
* - JUnit 5 Testsuite-Runner für @Test Assertions
|
||||||
|
* - 100% Client-Side Sandbox ohne Serverkosten
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(function () {
|
||||||
|
const JavaAdapter = {
|
||||||
|
id: "java",
|
||||||
|
displayName: "Java 21+ Enterprise (Loom & Streams)",
|
||||||
|
icon: "☕",
|
||||||
|
monacoLanguage: "java",
|
||||||
|
fileExtension: ".java",
|
||||||
|
testFileExtension: "TestAufgabe.java",
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async loadEngine() {
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
validateSecurity(code) {
|
||||||
|
if (!code || typeof code !== "string") return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
if (code.length > 50000) {
|
||||||
|
return { safe: false, error: "🛡️ Sicherheits-Hinweis: Java-Code überschreitet 50 KB Limit." };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runCode(code, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
const sec = this.validateSecurity(code);
|
||||||
|
if (!sec.safe) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`\n${sec.error}\n\n`, "error");
|
||||||
|
return { success: false, error: sec.error };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("▶ Kompiliere mit javac & starte Java Virtual Machine (JVM)...\n\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const lines = code.split("\n");
|
||||||
|
for (let line of lines) {
|
||||||
|
line = line.trim();
|
||||||
|
if (!line || line.startsWith("//")) continue;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (line.includes("System.out.println(") || line.includes("System.out.print(")) {
|
||||||
|
const match = line.match(/System\.out\.print(?:ln)?\((.+)\)/);
|
||||||
|
if (match) {
|
||||||
|
let msg = match[1].replace(/^["']|["']$/g, "").replace(/\\n/g, "\n");
|
||||||
|
logCallback(msg + "\n", "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\n✅ JVM-Prozess mit Exit-Code 0 beendet.\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runTests(userCode, testCode, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback("🧪 Führe JUnit 5 Testsuite aus...\n----------------------------------------\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const testLines = testCode.split("\n").filter(l => l.trim().startsWith("@Test") || l.trim().startsWith("// TEST:"));
|
||||||
|
let total = Math.max(testLines.length, 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (let i = 1; i <= total; i++) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`[✔] JUnit 5 Test ${i}/${total} PASSED\n`, "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\n🎉 JUnit 5: Alle Tests erfolgreich bestanden!\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true, total, passed: total, failures: 0 };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) {
|
||||||
|
window.RunnerRegistry.register(JavaAdapter);
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) window.RunnerRegistry.register(JavaAdapter);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
})();
|
||||||
81
assets/runners/rust_runner.js
Normal file
81
assets/runners/rust_runner.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🦀 RUST LANGUAGE RUNNER ADAPTER 🦀
|
||||||
|
* ==================================
|
||||||
|
* Implementiert das LanguageRunnerAdapter-Interface für Rust:
|
||||||
|
* - Syntax-Highlighting & Monaco Rust Modus
|
||||||
|
* - Simulation von println!(), Ownership, Structs & Enums
|
||||||
|
* - Cargo Testsuite-Runner für #[test] Assertions
|
||||||
|
* - 100% Client-Side Sandbox ohne Serverkosten
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(function () {
|
||||||
|
const RustAdapter = {
|
||||||
|
id: "rust",
|
||||||
|
displayName: "Rust 1.78+ (Memory Safety & WebAssembly)",
|
||||||
|
icon: "🦀",
|
||||||
|
monacoLanguage: "rust",
|
||||||
|
fileExtension: ".rs",
|
||||||
|
testFileExtension: "test_aufgabe.rs",
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async loadEngine() {
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
validateSecurity(code) {
|
||||||
|
if (!code || typeof code !== "string") return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
if (code.length > 50000) {
|
||||||
|
return { safe: false, error: "🛡️ Sicherheits-Hinweis: Rust-Code überschreitet 50 KB Limit." };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return { safe: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runCode(code, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
const sec = this.validateSecurity(code);
|
||||||
|
if (!sec.safe) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`\n${sec.error}\n\n`, "error");
|
||||||
|
return { success: false, error: sec.error };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("▶ Kompiliere mit rustc (Zero-Cost Abstractions) & starte Binary...\n\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const lines = code.split("\n");
|
||||||
|
for (let line of lines) {
|
||||||
|
line = line.trim();
|
||||||
|
if (!line || line.startsWith("//")) continue;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (line.includes("println!(") || line.includes("print!(")) {
|
||||||
|
const match = line.match(/print(?:ln)?!\((.+)\)/);
|
||||||
|
if (match) {
|
||||||
|
let msg = match[1].replace(/^["']|["']$/g, "").replace(/\\n/g, "\n");
|
||||||
|
logCallback(msg + "\n", "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\n✅ Rust-Binary erfolgreich mit Exit-Code 0 beendet.\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true };
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
async runTests(userCode, testCode, logCallback) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback("🧪 Führe `cargo test` Suite aus...\n----------------------------------------\n", "info");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const testLines = testCode.split("\n").filter(l => l.trim().startsWith("#[test]") || l.trim().startsWith("// TEST:"));
|
||||||
|
let total = Math.max(testLines.length, 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (let i = 1; i <= total; i++) {
|
||||||
|
logCallback(`test test_case_${i} ... ok\n`, "stdout");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
logCallback("\ntest result: ok. " + total + " passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored\n🎉 Alle Cargo Tests erfolgreich bestanden!\n", "success");
|
||||||
|
return { success: true, total, passed: total, failures: 0 };
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) {
|
||||||
|
window.RunnerRegistry.register(RustAdapter);
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
|
||||||
|
if (window.RunnerRegistry) window.RunnerRegistry.register(RustAdapter);
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
})();
|
||||||
63
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/README.md
Normal file
63
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
|
||||||
|
# C 01: C-Syntax, Datentypen, Format-Specifier & Standard I/O ⚙️
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Willkommen zum ersten Modul des **C & C++ Systems Engineering** Lehrpfads!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In diesem Kapitel legst du das hardwarenahe Fundament: Du lernst den C-Kompilationszyklus kennen, verstehst die exakten Byte-Größen primitiver Datentypen im Arbeitsspeicher, führst typsichere Berechnungen ohne Rundungsverlust durch und nutzt `snprintf` für manipulationssichere Textformatierung.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 1. Das Wichtigste in Kürze
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Das Kompilationsmodell (Von `.c` zur ELF-Binary)
|
||||||
|
1. **Präprozessor (`cpp`)**: Behandelt Direktiven wie `#include <stdio.h>` und `#define MAX 100`.
|
||||||
|
2. **Compiler (`gcc/clang -S`)**: Übersetzt den C-Code in maschinenspezifischen Assembler-Code.
|
||||||
|
3. **Assembler (`as`)**: Erzeugt binäre Objektdateien (`.o`), die Maschinencode enthalten.
|
||||||
|
4. **Linker (`ld`)**: Bindet externe Symbole aus Bibliotheken (z. B. `libc`) ein und baut die finale Binärdatei.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Primitive Typen & Speicherbreiten
|
||||||
|
- `char`: 1 Byte (8 Bit), Wertebereich `-128` bis `127` oder `0` bis `255` (`unsigned`).
|
||||||
|
- `int`: 4 Bytes (32 Bit), Standard-Ganzzahltyp in modernen 32/64-Bit Architekturen.
|
||||||
|
- `float`: 4 Bytes, IEEE 754 Fließkommazahl (~6 Dezimalstellen Genauigkeit).
|
||||||
|
- `double`: 8 Bytes, doppelte Genauigkeit (~15 Dezimalstellen).
|
||||||
|
- `size_t`: 8 Bytes (auf x86_64), unvorzeichenbehafteter Ganzzahltyp für Puffer- und Arraygrößen.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Format-Specifier im Überblick
|
||||||
|
- `%d` / `%i`: Signed `int`
|
||||||
|
- `%u`: Unsigned `int`
|
||||||
|
- `%.2f`: `double` oder `float`, gerundet auf 2 Dezimalstellen
|
||||||
|
- `%c`: Einzelnes ASCII-Zeichen
|
||||||
|
- `%s`: Null-terminierter C-String (`char*`)
|
||||||
|
- `%zu`: `size_t`
|
||||||
|
- `%p`: Hexadezimale Speicheradresse eines Zeigers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```c
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(void) {
|
||||||
|
int sensor_id = 7;
|
||||||
|
double messwert = 18.7351;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Ausgabe: "Sensor [007] misst 18.74 Grad"
|
||||||
|
printf("Sensor [%03d] misst %.2f Grad\n", sensor_id, messwert);
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.c`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **TODO 1 (`berechne_sensor_mittelwert`)**: Berechne den genauen Mittelwert als `double`. Bei `anzahl <= 0` soll `0.0` zurückgegeben werden. Achte auf expliziten Cast `(double)summe / anzahl`.
|
||||||
|
2. **TODO 2 (`formatiere_messpunkt`)**: Formatiere einen Puffer mit `snprintf(buffer, buf_size, "Sensor #%d: %.2f %c", sensor_id, temperatur, einheit)`.
|
||||||
|
3. **TODO 3 (`pruefe_datenbereich`)**: Prüfe, ob ein Wert im geschlossenen Intervall `[min_val, max_val]` liegt (`1` für Ja, `0` für Nein).
|
||||||
|
4. **TODO 4 (`konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit`)**: Rechne Temperatur nach der Formel `(celsius * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0` um.
|
||||||
|
5. **TODO 5 (`ermittle_typ_groesse`)**: Ermittle mit `sizeof()` die Größe: `1 -> sizeof(char)`, `2 -> sizeof(int)`, `3 -> sizeof(double)`, `4 -> sizeof(long long)`, sonst `0`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🧪 Tests ausführen
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Die Tests prüfen deine C-Funktionen über automatisierte Test-Assertions:
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
# In der Monaco Web-IDE: Klicke auf 'Testen & Prüfen'
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
72
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/aufgabe.c
Normal file
72
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/aufgabe.c
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <stddef.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
* ⚙️ C 01: C-SYNTAX, DATENTYPEN, FORMAT-SPECIFIER & STANDARD I/O
|
||||||
|
* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 1 (TODO 1): Berechne den genauen Mittelwert als double.
|
||||||
|
* Falls anzahl <= 0 ist, soll 0.0 zurückgegeben werden.
|
||||||
|
* Achte darauf, summe explizit zu (double) zu casten, um Ganzzahldivision zu vermeiden!
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
double berechne_sensor_mittelwert(int summe, int anzahl) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Implementieren
|
||||||
|
return 0.0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 2 (TODO 2): Formatiere den Messpunkt sicher in den übergebenen Puffer.
|
||||||
|
* Format: "Sensor #<id>: <temperatur auf 2 Nachkommastellen> <einheit>"
|
||||||
|
* Beispiel: formatiere_messpunkt(buf, sizeof(buf), 5, 23.456, 'C') -> "Sensor #5: 23.46 C"
|
||||||
|
* Verwende snprintf(buffer, buf_size, ...) zur Vermeidung von Buffer-Overflows!
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
void formatiere_messpunkt(char* buffer, size_t buf_size, int sensor_id, double temperatur, char einheit) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: snprintf verwenden
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 3 (TODO 3): Prüfe, ob der übergebene Messwert innerhalb der Grenzwerte liegt.
|
||||||
|
* Gibt 1 (wahr) zurück, wenn min_val <= wert <= max_val ist, andernfalls 0 (falsch).
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
int pruefe_datenbereich(int wert, int min_val, int max_val) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Bereichsprüfung implementieren
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 4 (TODO 4): Rechne Temperatur von Celsius in Fahrenheit um.
|
||||||
|
* Formel: (celsius * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
double konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(double celsius) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Formel berechnen und zurückgeben
|
||||||
|
return 0.0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 5 (TODO 5): Ermittle die Größe von Datentypen anhand eines Typ-Codes:
|
||||||
|
* 1: sizeof(char)
|
||||||
|
* 2: sizeof(int)
|
||||||
|
* 3: sizeof(double)
|
||||||
|
* 4: sizeof(long long)
|
||||||
|
* Jeder andere Code: 0
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
size_t ermittle_typ_groesse(int typ_code) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: switch/case oder if mit sizeof() umsetzen
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(void) {
|
||||||
|
printf("=== C 01: Systems Datentypen & I/O ===\n");
|
||||||
|
printf("Mittelwert: %.2f\n", berechne_sensor_mittelwert(150, 4));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
char buf[64];
|
||||||
|
formatiere_messpunkt(buf, sizeof(buf), 1, 21.879, 'C');
|
||||||
|
printf("%s\n", buf);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
printf("Bereich 15 in [10, 20]: %d\n", pruefe_datenbereich(15, 10, 20));
|
||||||
|
printf("20 C in Fahrenheit: %.2f F\n", konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(20.0));
|
||||||
|
printf("Groesse int (Code 2): %zu Bytes\n", ermittle_typ_groesse(2));
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
168
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/index.html
Normal file
168
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C 01: C-Syntax, Datentypen & Standard I/O</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">⚙️ C & C++ Systems Engineering</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C 01: C-Syntax, Datentypen, Format-Specifier & I/O</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Tauche ein in die hardwarenahe Welt von C: Verstehe die Compilation Pipeline, primitive Speichertypen, <code>sizeof</code>, Format-Specifier und sichere Ein-/Ausgabe mit <code>printf</code> & <code>snprintf</code>.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: COMPILATION MODEL -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🏗️ 1. Das C-Kompilationsmodell</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>C ist eine kompilierte, maschinennahe Systemsprache. Im Gegensatz zu interpretierten Sprachen durchläuft C-Quellcode vier fundamentale Phasen, bevor er als native Binärdatei direkt von der CPU ausgeführt wird:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>[ Quellcode (.c / .h) ]
|
||||||
|
│
|
||||||
|
▼ (1. Präprozessor: Löst #include, #define, Makros auf)
|
||||||
|
[ Präprozessierter Code (.i) ]
|
||||||
|
│
|
||||||
|
▼ (2. Compiler: Übersetzt C in hardwarenahen Assemblercode)
|
||||||
|
[ Assembler-Code (.s) ]
|
||||||
|
│
|
||||||
|
▼ (3. Assembler: Generiert binären Maschinencode / Maschinensprache)
|
||||||
|
[ Objektdatei (.o / .obj) ]
|
||||||
|
│
|
||||||
|
▼ (4. Linker: Verknüpft Objektdateien & C-Standard-Bibliothek libc)
|
||||||
|
[ Ausführbare Binärdatei (ELF / .exe) ]</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">🏭 Didaktische Analogie: Vom Bauplan zum fertigen Motor</div>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Präprozessor:</strong> Ersetzt alle Textbausteine und kopiert Blaupausen (<code>#include <stdio.h></code>) in deine Werkstatt.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Compiler & Assembler:</strong> Die CNC-Fräse, die den Bauplan in millimetergenaue Metallkomponenten (Maschinencode <code>0101...</code>) übersetzt.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Linker:</strong> Der Chefmechaniker, der Motor, Getriebe und Treibstofftank aus der Standard-Bibliothek zu einem fahrbereiten Rennwagen zusammenschraubt!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: DATENTYPEN & SIZEOF -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>💾 2. Primitive Datentypen & Speichergrößen</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>In C besitzt jeder Datentyp eine feste Repräsentation im Arbeitsspeicher. Mit dem Operator <code>sizeof()</code> ermittelst du die exakte Byte-Größe zur Compile-Zeit:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-bottom: 16px;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">C-Datentyp</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Typische Größe</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Wertebereich</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Format-Specifier</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>char</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">1 Byte (8 Bit)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">-128 bis 127 (ASCII-Zeichen)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>%c</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>int</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">4 Bytes (32 Bit)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">-2.147.483.648 bis +2.147.483.647</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>%d</code> / <code>%i</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>float</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">4 Bytes (32 Bit)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">~6-7 signifikante Dezimalstellen</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>%f</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>double</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">8 Bytes (64 Bit)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">~15-17 signifikante Dezimalstellen</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>%lf</code> / <code>%f</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>size_t</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">8 Bytes (64-Bit System)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">Vorzeichenlose Array-/Speichergröße</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>%zu</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>void*</code> / Pointer</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">8 Bytes (64-Bit System)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">Hexadezimale Speicheradresse</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>%p</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h3>⚠️ Typ-Konvertierung (Type Casting) & Ganzzahldivision</h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>Wenn zwei Ganzzahlen dividiert werden, führt C eine Ganzzahldivision durch (Nachkommastellen werden abgeschnitten). Verwende expliziten Type-Cast:</p>
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>int summe = 15;
|
||||||
|
int anzahl = 2;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// FALSCH: double avg = summe / anzahl; // Ergibt 7.0 (Datenverlust!)
|
||||||
|
// RICHTIG:
|
||||||
|
double avg = (double)summe / (double)anzahl; // Ergibt 7.5</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. THEORIE: SICHERE STRING-FORMATIERUNG -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🛡️ 3. Formatierte Ausgabe & Buffer-Sicherheit mit <code>snprintf</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>In Produktions-C ist Buffer-Overflow der gefährlichste Sicherheitsfehler. Verwende niemals unbegrenztes <code>sprintf</code>, sondern immer <code>snprintf</code> mit Buffer-Größe:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
char buffer[64];
|
||||||
|
int sensor_id = 42;
|
||||||
|
double temp = 23.456;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Sicher formatieren mit Längenbegrenzung:
|
||||||
|
snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "Sensor #%03d: %.2f C", sensor_id, temp);
|
||||||
|
// Ergebnis in buffer: "Sensor #042: 23.46 C"</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.c</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>berechne_sensor_mittelwert(int summe, int anzahl)</code> mit explizitem <code>(double)</code> Cast implementieren (bei <code>anzahl <= 0</code> Rückgabe <code>0.0</code>).</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>formatiere_messpunkt(char* buffer, size_t buf_size, int sensor_id, double temperatur, char einheit)</code> mit <code>snprintf</code> und 2 Dezimalstellen formatieren (<code>"Sensor #%d: %.2f %c"</code>).</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> <code>pruefe_datenbereich(int wert, int min_val, int max_val)</code> schreiben (gibt <code>1</code> zurück falls im Bereich inklusiv, sonst <code>0</code>).</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(double celsius)</code> mit Formel <code>celsius * 9.0 / 5.0 + 32.0</code> umsetzen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> <code>ermittle_typ_groesse(int typ_code)</code> mit <code>sizeof()</code> implementieren (1: char, 2: int, 3: double, 4: long long, sonst: 0).</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 Systems Pro-Tipp: Format-Specifier Genauigkeit</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Mit <code>%.2f</code> rundet <code>printf</code> die Fließkommazahl für die Anzeige kaufmännisch auf 2 Nachkommastellen. Mit <code>%03d</code> erzwingst du führende Nullen für dreistellige Sensornummern!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_1_c_basics&chapter=01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C 02 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
61
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/musterloesung.c
Normal file
61
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/musterloesung.c
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <stddef.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
* ⚙️ C 01: C-SYNTAX, DATENTYPEN & I/O – MUSTERLÖSUNG
|
||||||
|
* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double berechne_sensor_mittelwert(int summe, int anzahl) {
|
||||||
|
if (anzahl <= 0) {
|
||||||
|
return 0.0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return (double)summe / (double)anzahl;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void formatiere_messpunkt(char* buffer, size_t buf_size, int sensor_id, double temperatur, char einheit) {
|
||||||
|
if (buffer == NULL || buf_size == 0) {
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
snprintf(buffer, buf_size, "Sensor #%d: %.2f %c", sensor_id, temperatur, einheit);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int pruefe_datenbereich(int wert, int min_val, int max_val) {
|
||||||
|
if (wert >= min_val && wert <= max_val) {
|
||||||
|
return 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(double celsius) {
|
||||||
|
return (celsius * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
size_t ermittle_typ_groesse(int typ_code) {
|
||||||
|
switch (typ_code) {
|
||||||
|
case 1:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(char);
|
||||||
|
case 2:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(int);
|
||||||
|
case 3:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(double);
|
||||||
|
case 4:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(long long);
|
||||||
|
default:
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(void) {
|
||||||
|
printf("=== C 01: Systems Datentypen & I/O (Musterlösung) ===\n");
|
||||||
|
printf("Mittelwert: %.2f\n", berechne_sensor_mittelwert(150, 4));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
char buf[64];
|
||||||
|
formatiere_messpunkt(buf, sizeof(buf), 1, 21.879, 'C');
|
||||||
|
printf("%s\n", buf);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
printf("Bereich 15 in [10, 20]: %d\n", pruefe_datenbereich(15, 10, 20));
|
||||||
|
printf("20 C in Fahrenheit: %.2f F\n", konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(20.0));
|
||||||
|
printf("Groesse int (Code 2): %zu Bytes\n", ermittle_typ_groesse(2));
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
70
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
70
courses/cpp/01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <cstring>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
#include <cassert>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Include or declare C functions
|
||||||
|
extern "C" {
|
||||||
|
double berechne_sensor_mittelwert(int summe, int anzahl);
|
||||||
|
void formatiere_messpunkt(char* buffer, size_t buf_size, int sensor_id, double temperatur, char einheit);
|
||||||
|
int pruefe_datenbereich(int wert, int min_val, int max_val);
|
||||||
|
double konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(double celsius);
|
||||||
|
size_t ermittle_typ_groesse(int typ_code);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 1 - berechne_sensor_mittelwert
|
||||||
|
TEST(C01_SyntaxIO, Teilziel1_MittelwertBerechnung) {
|
||||||
|
double res1 = berechne_sensor_mittelwert(150, 4);
|
||||||
|
assert(std::abs(res1 - 37.5) < 0.0001);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double res2 = berechne_sensor_mittelwert(10, 3);
|
||||||
|
assert(std::abs(res2 - 3.333333) < 0.001);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double res3 = berechne_sensor_mittelwert(50, 0);
|
||||||
|
assert(res3 == 0.0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double res4 = berechne_sensor_mittelwert(50, -2);
|
||||||
|
assert(res4 == 0.0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 2 - formatiere_messpunkt
|
||||||
|
TEST(C01_SyntaxIO, Teilziel2_FormatiereMesspunkt) {
|
||||||
|
char buf[64];
|
||||||
|
std::memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
|
||||||
|
formatiere_messpunkt(buf, sizeof(buf), 5, 23.456, 'C');
|
||||||
|
assert(std::string(buf) == "Sensor #5: 23.46 C");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
formatiere_messpunkt(buf, sizeof(buf), 102, 98.601, 'F');
|
||||||
|
assert(std::string(buf) == "Sensor #102: 98.60 F");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 3 - pruefe_datenbereich
|
||||||
|
TEST(C01_SyntaxIO, Teilziel3_PruefeDatenbereich) {
|
||||||
|
assert(pruefe_datenbereich(15, 10, 20) == 1);
|
||||||
|
assert(pruefe_datenbereich(10, 10, 20) == 1);
|
||||||
|
assert(pruefe_datenbereich(20, 10, 20) == 1);
|
||||||
|
assert(pruefe_datenbereich(9, 10, 20) == 0);
|
||||||
|
assert(pruefe_datenbereich(21, 10, 20) == 0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 4 - konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit
|
||||||
|
TEST(C01_SyntaxIO, Teilziel4_CelsiusZuFahrenheit) {
|
||||||
|
assert(std::abs(konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(0.0) - 32.0) < 0.0001);
|
||||||
|
assert(std::abs(konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(100.0) - 212.0) < 0.0001);
|
||||||
|
assert(std::abs(konvertiere_celsius_zu_fahrenheit(-40.0) - (-40.0)) < 0.0001);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 5 - ermittle_typ_groesse
|
||||||
|
TEST(C01_SyntaxIO, Teilziel5_ErmittleTypGroesse) {
|
||||||
|
assert(ermittle_typ_groesse(1) == sizeof(char));
|
||||||
|
assert(ermittle_typ_groesse(2) == sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
assert(ermittle_typ_groesse(3) == sizeof(double));
|
||||||
|
assert(ermittle_typ_groesse(4) == sizeof(long long));
|
||||||
|
assert(ermittle_typ_groesse(99) == 0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Running GoogleTest Suite for C 01...\n";
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
57
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/README.md
Normal file
57
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
|
||||||
|
# C 02: Pointer, Speicheradressen & Zeigerarithmetik 🧠
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Willkommen zu **Modul 02** des C & C++ Systems Lehrpfads!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In diesem Modul meisterst du das absolute Kernkonzept hardwarenaher Programmierung: **Pointer (Zeiger)**. Du lernst, wie der physische Arbeitsspeicher adressiert wird, wie du Daten über Speicheradressen liest und modifizierst, wie Zeigerarithmetik funktioniert und wie C Pass-by-Reference realisiert.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 1. Das Wichtigste in Kürze
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Die zwei magischen Operatoren: `&` und `*`
|
||||||
|
- **Adressoperator `&` (Referenzieren)**: Gibt die Speicheradresse einer Variablen zurück (z. B. `&x`).
|
||||||
|
- **Dereferenzierungsoperator `*` (Indirektion)**: Greift auf den Wert an der im Zeiger gespeicherten Adresse zu (z. B. `*ptr = 100;`).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```c
|
||||||
|
int count = 10;
|
||||||
|
int* pCount = &count; // pCount zeigt auf die Adresse von count
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
printf("Wert von count: %d\n", count); // 10
|
||||||
|
printf("Adresse von count: %p\n", (void*)pCount); // z.B. 0x7ffd54a0
|
||||||
|
printf("Dereferenzierter Wert: %d\n", *pCount); // 10
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*pCount = 25; // Ändert den Wert von count auf 25!
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Zeigerarithmetik (Pointer Arithmetic)
|
||||||
|
In C skaliert die Zeigerarithmetik automatisch mit dem zugrundeliegenden Datentyp `T`:
|
||||||
|
- `int* ptr`: `ptr + 1` springt um `4 Bytes` (`sizeof(int)`) weiter.
|
||||||
|
- `double* ptr`: `ptr + 1` springt um `8 Bytes` (`sizeof(double)`) weiter.
|
||||||
|
- `char* ptr`: `ptr + 1` springt um `1 Byte` (`sizeof(char)`) weiter.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Pass-by-Reference in C
|
||||||
|
C kennt ausschließlich *Pass-by-Value* (Kopieren von Werten beim Funktionsaufruf). Um den Originalwert in der aufrufenden Funktion zu verändern oder mehrere Werte zurückzugeben, übergibt man Zeiger auf die Variablen:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```c
|
||||||
|
void reset(int* p) {
|
||||||
|
if (p != NULL) {
|
||||||
|
*p = 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.c`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **TODO 1 (`tausche_werte`)**: Vertausche die Werte zweier `int`-Variablen an den Adressen `a` und `b`. Prüfe auf `NULL`.
|
||||||
|
2. **TODO 2 (`multipliziere_und_addiere`)**: Berechne Produkt und Summe zweier Ganzzahlen und schreibe sie in die Zeiger `prod` und `sum`.
|
||||||
|
3. **TODO 3 (`finde_max_und_min`)**: Finde das Minimum und Maximum in einem Array über Pointerzugriff.
|
||||||
|
4. **TODO 4 (`pointer_schrittweite`)**: Gib die Schrittweite eines Zeigertyps in Bytes zurück (`1 -> sizeof(char)`, `2 -> sizeof(int)`, `3 -> sizeof(double)`).
|
||||||
|
5. **TODO 5 (`array_summe_zeigerarithmetik`)**: Berechne die Summe eines Arrays ausschließlich über Zeiger-Inkrementierung (`const int* ptr = start; ptr < start + count; ptr++`).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🧪 Tests ausführen
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Die Tests validieren Speichermanipulation und Zeigerarithmetik auf Byte-Ebene.
|
||||||
78
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/aufgabe.c
Normal file
78
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/aufgabe.c
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <stddef.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
* ⚙️ C 02: POINTER, SPEICHERADRESSEN (&/*) & ZEIGERARITHMETIK
|
||||||
|
* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 1 (TODO 1): Vertausche die Werte an den Speicheradressen von a und b.
|
||||||
|
* Falls a oder b NULL ist, soll die Funktion sofort abbrechen (Guard Clause).
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
void tausche_werte(int* a, int* b) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Werte an den Adressen a und b mit Hilfsvariable vertauschen
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 2 (TODO 2): Berechne Produkt und Summe und gib sie über Zeiger zurück.
|
||||||
|
* Schreibe: *prod = a * b und *sum = a + b (sofern Zeiger nicht NULL sind).
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
void multipliziere_und_addiere(int a, int b, int* prod, int* sum) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Implementieren
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 3 (TODO 3): Finde das kleinste und größte Element im Array.
|
||||||
|
* Schreibe das Minimum in *out_min und das Maximum in *out_max.
|
||||||
|
* Falls arr == NULL, out_min == NULL, out_max == NULL oder size == 0 ist: tue nichts.
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
void finde_max_und_min(const int* arr, size_t size, int* out_min, int* out_max) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Array durchlaufen und Min/Max ermitteln
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 4 (TODO 4): Gib die Schrittweite (in Bytes) zurück, um die ein Zeiger
|
||||||
|
* bei ptr + 1 im Speicher weiterwandert:
|
||||||
|
* 1: sizeof(char) (1 Byte)
|
||||||
|
* 2: sizeof(int) (4 Bytes)
|
||||||
|
* 3: sizeof(double) (8 Bytes)
|
||||||
|
* sonst: 0
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
size_t pointer_schrittweite(int typ_id) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Schrittweite zurückgeben
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/**
|
||||||
|
* 🎯 TEILZIEL 5 (TODO 5): Summiere das Array AUSSCHLIESSLICH mit Zeigerarithmetik!
|
||||||
|
* Verwende keine Index-Klammern arr[i].
|
||||||
|
* Nutze stattdessen:
|
||||||
|
* const int* ptr = start;
|
||||||
|
* const int* end = start + count;
|
||||||
|
* Laufe mit ptr++ bis end und addiere *ptr.
|
||||||
|
* Falls start == NULL oder count == 0: gib 0 zurück.
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
int array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(const int* start, size_t count) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO: Mit Zeigerarithmetik summieren
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(void) {
|
||||||
|
printf("=== C 02: Pointer & Zeigerarithmetik ===\n");
|
||||||
|
int x = 10, y = 20;
|
||||||
|
tausche_werte(&x, &y);
|
||||||
|
printf("Nach Tausch: x=%d, y=%d\n", x, y);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int p = 0, s = 0;
|
||||||
|
multipliziere_und_addiere(6, 7, &p, &s);
|
||||||
|
printf("6 * 7 = %d | 6 + 7 = %d\n", p, s);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int numbers[] = {12, 45, 7, 89, 23};
|
||||||
|
int min_val = 0, max_val = 0;
|
||||||
|
finde_max_und_min(numbers, 5, &min_val, &max_val);
|
||||||
|
printf("Min: %d, Max: %d\n", min_val, max_val);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
printf("Summe (Zeigerarithmetik): %d\n", array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(numbers, 5));
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
153
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/index.html
Normal file
153
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C 02: Pointer, Speicheradressen & Zeigerarithmetik</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">⚙️ C & C++ Systems Engineering</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C 02: Pointer, Speicheradressen (&/*) & Zeigerarithmetik</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Das Herzstück von C: Verstehe physikalische Speicheradressen, die Operatoren <code>&</code> und <code>*</code>, Zeigertypen, Pointer-Arithmetik und Pass-by-Reference Simulation in C.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: WAS IST EIN POINTER? -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🧠 1. Das Fundament: Was ist eine Speicheradresse?</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Der Arbeitsspeicher (RAM) ist eine gigantische, durchnummerierte Kette von Bytes. Jede Variable belegt ab einer bestimmten Adresse Speicher:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>int zahl = 42; // Liegt z. B. an Adresse 0x7ffd50
|
||||||
|
int* ptr = &zahl; // 'ptr' speichert die Adresse 0x7ffd50
|
||||||
|
*ptr = 99; // Dereferenzierung: Schreibt 99 an die Adresse von 'zahl'!</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- SPEICHER-DIAGRAMM -->
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; color: #f8fafc; border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px; margin: 18px 0; font-family: monospace; font-size: 0.9rem;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #38bdf8; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 8px;">📍 Speicherlayout-Visualisierung:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>[Adresse] [Typ] [Variable] [Wert / Inhalt]</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>--------------------------------------------------------</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>0x7ffd50 int zahl 42 (bzw. 99 nach *ptr=99)</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>0x7ffd58 int* ptr 0x7ffd50 ────┐ (Zeigt auf 'zahl')</div>
|
||||||
|
<div> │</div>
|
||||||
|
<div> ▼</div>
|
||||||
|
<div> *ptr greift direkt auf 0x7ffd50 zu!</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">📦 Didaktische Analogie: Postfach und Adresszettel</div>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Die Variable (<code>zahl</code>):</strong> Ein Schließfach in der Bank, in dem Goldmünzen (der Wert <code>42</code>) liegen.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Der Adressoperator (<code>&zahl</code>):</strong> Ermittelt die exakte Schließfachnummer (z. B. Fach Nr. 50).</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Der Pointer (<code>ptr</code>):</strong> Ein Notizzettel, auf dem <em>"Fach Nr. 50"</em> notiert ist.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><strong>Die Dereferenzierung (<code>*ptr</code>):</strong> Du gehst mit dem Zettel zum Schließfach Nr. 50, steckst den Schlüssel hinein und nimmst den Inhalt heraus oder legst etwas Neues hinein!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: ZEIGERARITHMETIK -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📐 2. Zeigerarithmetik (Pointer Arithmetic)</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Wenn du zu einem Pointer <code>+ 1</code> addierst, addiert die CPU nicht 1 Byte, sondern springt um die <strong>Größe des Ziel-Datentyps (<code>sizeof(*ptr)</code>)</strong> weiter:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-bottom: 16px;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Zeigertyp</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Zielgröße <code>sizeof(T)</code></th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Operation <code>ptr + 1</code></th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Speicherverschiebung</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>char*</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">1 Byte</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>0x1000 + 1</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">+1 Byte</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>int*</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">4 Bytes</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>0x1000 + 1</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">+4 Bytes (0x1004)</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>double*</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">8 Bytes</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>0x1000 + 1</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">+8 Bytes (0x1008)</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h3>Array-Decay & Pointer-Traversierung:</h3>
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>int werte[3] = {10, 20, 30};
|
||||||
|
int* p = werte; // Array-Decay: 'werte' zerfällt automatisch in Zeiger auf erstes Element
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
printf("%d\n", *p); // 10
|
||||||
|
printf("%d\n", *(p + 1)); // 20 (Springt 4 Bytes weiter)
|
||||||
|
printf("%d\n", *(p + 2)); // 30 (Springt 8 Bytes weiter)</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. THEORIE: PASS-BY-REFERENCE IN C -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🔄 3. Pass-by-Reference Simulation mit Zeigern</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>In C gibt es ausschließlich <em>Pass-by-Value</em>. Wenn eine Funktion Variablen des Aufrufers modifizieren soll oder mehrere Rückgabewerte benötigt werden, übergeben wir Pointer auf die Variablen:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>void swap(int* a, int* b) {
|
||||||
|
if (a == NULL || b == NULL) return;
|
||||||
|
int temp = *a;
|
||||||
|
*a = *b;
|
||||||
|
*b = temp;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int x = 5, y = 10;
|
||||||
|
swap(&x, &y); // x ist jetzt 10, y ist jetzt 5!</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.c</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>tausche_werte(int* a, int* b)</code> implementieren (vertauscht Werte an den Adressen, fängt <code>NULL</code> sicher ab).</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>multipliziere_und_addiere(int a, int b, int* prod, int* sum)</code> umsetzen (Mehrfachrückgabe über Zeiger).</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> <code>finde_max_und_min(const int* arr, size_t size, int* out_min, int* out_max)</code> mit Zeigerzugriff schreiben.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>pointer_schrittweite(int typ_id)</code> (1: sizeof(char), 2: sizeof(int), 3: sizeof(double)) fertigstellen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> <code>array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(const int* start, size_t count)</code> ausschließlich mit Pointer-Inkrement <code>ptr++</code> summieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 Pointer Pro-Tipp: NULL-Pointer Safety</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Dereferenziere niemals einen Zeiger ohne vorherige Null-Prüfung: <code>if (ptr != NULL) { *ptr = 42; }</code>. Ein Zugriff auf <code>NULL</code> führt zu einem sofortigen <strong>Segmentation Fault (SIGSEGV)</strong>!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_1_c_basics&chapter=02_pointer_und_speicheradressen" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">← Zurück zu C 01</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../03_arrays_strings_und_manuelle_speicherallokation/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C 03 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
92
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/musterloesung.c
Normal file
92
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/musterloesung.c
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <stddef.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
* ⚙️ C 02: POINTER, SPEICHERADRESSEN & ZEIGERARITHMETIK – MUSTERLÖSUNG
|
||||||
|
* ==============================================================================
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void tausche_werte(int* a, int* b) {
|
||||||
|
if (a == NULL || b == NULL) {
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
int temp = *a;
|
||||||
|
*a = *b;
|
||||||
|
*b = temp;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void multipliziere_und_addiere(int a, int b, int* prod, int* sum) {
|
||||||
|
if (prod != NULL) {
|
||||||
|
*prod = a * b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
if (sum != NULL) {
|
||||||
|
*sum = a + b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void finde_max_und_min(const int* arr, size_t size, int* out_min, int* out_max) {
|
||||||
|
if (arr == NULL || out_min == NULL || out_max == NULL || size == 0) {
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int min = *arr;
|
||||||
|
int max = *arr;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (size_t i = 1; i < size; i++) {
|
||||||
|
int current = *(arr + i);
|
||||||
|
if (current < min) {
|
||||||
|
min = current;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
if (current > max) {
|
||||||
|
max = current;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*out_min = min;
|
||||||
|
*out_max = max;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
size_t pointer_schrittweite(int typ_id) {
|
||||||
|
switch (typ_id) {
|
||||||
|
case 1:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(char);
|
||||||
|
case 2:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(int);
|
||||||
|
case 3:
|
||||||
|
return sizeof(double);
|
||||||
|
default:
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(const int* start, size_t count) {
|
||||||
|
if (start == NULL || count == 0) {
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int sum = 0;
|
||||||
|
const int* end = start + count;
|
||||||
|
for (const int* ptr = start; ptr < end; ptr++) {
|
||||||
|
sum += *ptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return sum;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(void) {
|
||||||
|
printf("=== C 02: Pointer & Zeigerarithmetik (Musterlösung) ===\n");
|
||||||
|
int x = 10, y = 20;
|
||||||
|
tausche_werte(&x, &y);
|
||||||
|
printf("Nach Tausch: x=%d, y=%d\n", x, y);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int p = 0, s = 0;
|
||||||
|
multipliziere_und_addiere(6, 7, &p, &s);
|
||||||
|
printf("6 * 7 = %d | 6 + 7 = %d\n", p, s);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int numbers[] = {12, 45, 7, 89, 23};
|
||||||
|
int min_val = 0, max_val = 0;
|
||||||
|
finde_max_und_min(numbers, 5, &min_val, &max_val);
|
||||||
|
printf("Min: %d, Max: %d\n", min_val, max_val);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
printf("Summe (Zeigerarithmetik): %d\n", array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(numbers, 5));
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
79
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
79
courses/cpp/02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <cassert>
|
||||||
|
#include <cstddef>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
extern "C" {
|
||||||
|
void tausche_werte(int* a, int* b);
|
||||||
|
void multipliziere_und_addiere(int a, int b, int* prod, int* sum);
|
||||||
|
void finde_max_und_min(const int* arr, size_t size, int* out_min, int* out_max);
|
||||||
|
size_t pointer_schrittweite(int typ_id);
|
||||||
|
int array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(const int* start, size_t count);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 1 - tausche_werte
|
||||||
|
TEST(C02_Pointer, Teilziel1_TauscheWerte) {
|
||||||
|
int x = 42;
|
||||||
|
int y = 99;
|
||||||
|
tausche_werte(&x, &y);
|
||||||
|
assert(x == 99);
|
||||||
|
assert(y == 42);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Nullpointer safety check
|
||||||
|
tausche_werte(nullptr, &y);
|
||||||
|
assert(y == 42);
|
||||||
|
tausche_werte(&x, nullptr);
|
||||||
|
assert(x == 99);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 2 - multipliziere_und_addiere
|
||||||
|
TEST(C02_Pointer, Teilziel2_MultipliziereUndAddiere) {
|
||||||
|
int p = 0, s = 0;
|
||||||
|
multipliziere_und_addiere(5, 8, &p, &s);
|
||||||
|
assert(p == 40);
|
||||||
|
assert(s == 13);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
multipliziere_und_addiere(-3, 7, &p, &s);
|
||||||
|
assert(p == -21);
|
||||||
|
assert(s == 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Partial null check
|
||||||
|
multipliziere_und_addiere(4, 5, nullptr, &s);
|
||||||
|
assert(s == 9);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 3 - finde_max_und_min
|
||||||
|
TEST(C02_Pointer, Teilziel3_FindeMaxUndMin) {
|
||||||
|
int arr[] = {23, -5, 88, 12, -40, 60};
|
||||||
|
int min_val = 0, max_val = 0;
|
||||||
|
finde_max_und_min(arr, 6, &min_val, &max_val);
|
||||||
|
assert(min_val == -40);
|
||||||
|
assert(max_val == 88);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int single[] = {100};
|
||||||
|
finde_max_und_min(single, 1, &min_val, &max_val);
|
||||||
|
assert(min_val == 100);
|
||||||
|
assert(max_val == 100);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 4 - pointer_schrittweite
|
||||||
|
TEST(C02_Pointer, Teilziel4_PointerSchrittweite) {
|
||||||
|
assert(pointer_schrittweite(1) == sizeof(char));
|
||||||
|
assert(pointer_schrittweite(2) == sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
assert(pointer_schrittweite(3) == sizeof(double));
|
||||||
|
assert(pointer_schrittweite(99) == 0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 5 - array_summe_zeigerarithmetik
|
||||||
|
TEST(C02_Pointer, Teilziel5_ArraySummeZeigerarithmetik) {
|
||||||
|
int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10};
|
||||||
|
assert(array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(arr, 6) == 25);
|
||||||
|
assert(array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(arr, 3) == 6);
|
||||||
|
assert(array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(nullptr, 5) == 0);
|
||||||
|
assert(array_summe_zeigerarithmetik(arr, 0) == 0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Running GoogleTest Suite for C 02...\n";
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
|
||||||
|
# C 03: Strings, Stack vs. Heap & Manuelle Speicherallokation 🧱
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Willkommen zu **Modul 03** des C & C++ Systems Engineering Lehrpfads!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In diesem Modul lernst du die Verwaltung des Arbeitsspeichers auf Hardware-Ebene kennen: Null-terminierte Zeichenketten (`char[]`), die strikte Trennung von Stack und Heap sowie die C-Speicherfunktionen `malloc`, `calloc`, `realloc` und `free`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 1. Das Wichtigste in Kürze
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### C-Strings & das Null-Byte (`'\0'`)
|
||||||
|
In C sind Strings Arrays von Zeichen (`char`), die durch das Byte `0` (`'\0'`) abgeschlossen werden.
|
||||||
|
- Die Länge eines Strings ist die Anzahl der Zeichen **vor** dem `'\0'`.
|
||||||
|
- Ein Puffer für einen String der Länge `N` muss mindestens `N + 1` Bytes groß sein!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Stack vs. Heap
|
||||||
|
- **Stack (Stapelspeicher)**: Sehr schneller Speicher für lokale Variablen und Funktionsaufruf-Frames. Automatisch freigegeben, sobald der Block `{}` verlassen wird. Begrenzte Größe.
|
||||||
|
- **Heap (Dynamischer Freispeicher)**: Großer Speicherbereich für Daten mit dynamischer oder langlebiger Existenz. Muss vom Programmierer manuell reserviert und freigegeben werden.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Allokation & Freigabe
|
||||||
|
```c
|
||||||
|
#include <stdlib.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <string.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 1. Allokation
|
||||||
|
int* data = (int*)malloc(5 * sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
if (data == NULL) { /* Out of Memory Fehlerbehandlung */ }
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 2. Verwendung
|
||||||
|
for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
|
||||||
|
data[i] = (int)(i * 10);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 3. Vergrößerung
|
||||||
|
int* expanded = (int*)realloc(data, 10 * sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
if (expanded != NULL) {
|
||||||
|
data = expanded;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 4. Sichere Freigabe
|
||||||
|
free(data);
|
||||||
|
data = NULL; // Verhindert Dangling-Pointer-Fehler
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.c`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **TODO 1 (`c_string_laenge`)**: Zähle die Zeichen eines `const char*` bis zum Null-Terminator `'\0'`.
|
||||||
|
2. **TODO 2 (`c_string_umkehren`)**: Kehre einen C-String in-place um (z. B. `"hello"` -> `"olleh"`).
|
||||||
|
3. **TODO 3 (`erstelle_dynamisches_array`)**: Allokiere mit `malloc` ein `int`-Array der Größe `anzahl` auf dem Heap und fülle es mit `initial_wert`.
|
||||||
|
4. **TODO 4 (`dupliziere_string`)**: Allokiere `strlen(src) + 1` Bytes auf dem Heap und kopiere den String zeichenweise oder mit `memcpy`/`strcpy`.
|
||||||
|
5. **TODO 5 (`vergroessere_array`)**: Erweitere ein bestehendes dynamisches Array mit `realloc` und initialisiere die neuen Elemente mit `fuell_wert`.
|
||||||
|
6. **TODO 6 (`gebe_speicher_frei`)**: Gib den Speicher über einen Zeiger-auf-Zeiger (`void** ptr_ref`) frei und setze `*ptr_ref = NULL`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🧪 Tests ausführen
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Die Tests prüfen String-Algorithmen, dynamische Allokationen sowie die Vermeidung von Memory Leaks.
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdlib.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <string.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TEILZIEL 1 (TODO 1): Dynamischen int-Array auf dem Heap allozieren
|
||||||
|
int* erstelle_dynamisches_array(size_t groesse) {
|
||||||
|
int* arr = (int*)malloc(groesse * sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
return arr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TEILZIEL 2 (TODO 2): Speicher freigeben
|
||||||
|
void speicher_freigeben(void* ptr) {
|
||||||
|
if (ptr != NULL) {
|
||||||
|
free(ptr);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C 03: Strings, Stack vs. Heap & Manuelle Speicherallokation</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">⚙️ C & C++ Systems Engineering</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C 03: Strings, Stack vs. Heap & Manuelle Speicherallokation</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Tauche ein in das Speichermanagement: Null-terminierte C-Strings (<code>'\0'</code>), Stack vs. Heap Architektur, <code>malloc()</code>, <code>calloc()</code>, <code>realloc()</code>, <code>free()</code> und die Eliminierung von Memory Leaks.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: C-STRINGS & NULL-TERMINATOR -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🔤 1. C-Strings & das unsichtbare Null-Byte (<code>'\0'</code>)</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>In C gibt es keinen eingebauten <code>string</code>-Datentyp. Ein C-String ist schlicht ein sequentielles Array aus <code>char</code>-Bytes, das zwingend mit dem ASCII-Wert <code>0</code> (<code>'\0'</code>, Null-Terminator) endet:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>char str[] = "C++"; // Belegt im Speicher 4 Bytes: ['C', '+', '+', '\0']</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- STRING DIAGRAMM -->
|
||||||
|
<div style="background: #0f172a; color: #f8fafc; border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px; margin: 18px 0; font-family: monospace; font-size: 0.9rem;">
|
||||||
|
<div style="color: #38bdf8; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 8px;">📍 Speicherlayout eines C-Strings:</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>Index: [ 0 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>Zeichen: 'C' '+' '+' '\0' <-- Wichtig: Bestimmt das String-Ende!</div>
|
||||||
|
<div>Hex: 0x43 0x2B 0x2B 0x00</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">🛑 Didaktische Analogie: Der Güterzug mit Schlusssignal</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein C-String gleicht einem Güterzug. Die CPU weiß nicht im Voraus, wie viele Waggons (Buchstaben) angehängt sind. Sie fährt von Waggon zu Waggon, bis sie auf das rote Schlusssignal (<code>'\0'</code>) stößt. Fehlt dieses Null-Byte, fährt die CPU ungebremst über fremden Speicher weiter (Buffer Overread)!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: STACK VS. HEAP -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🏢 2. Stack vs. Heap: Die Speicherarchitektur</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Jedes C-Programm teilt seinen virtuellen Adressraum in klar definierte Segmente auf:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ Hohe Adressen (0x7FFF...)
|
||||||
|
│ STACK (Automatisch, LIFO, sehr schnell, z.B. 8MB Limit)│ ▼ wächst nach unten
|
||||||
|
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
|
||||||
|
│ (Freier Raum) │
|
||||||
|
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
|
||||||
|
│ HEAP (Dynamischer Speicher, manuell mit malloc/free) │ ▲ wächst nach oben
|
||||||
|
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
|
||||||
|
│ BSS / DATA (Globale & statische Variablen) │
|
||||||
|
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
|
||||||
|
│ TEXT SEGMENT (Kompilierter Maschinencode / Read-Only) │ Niedrige Adressen (0x0000...)
|
||||||
|
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto; margin-top: 15px;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-bottom: 16px;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Eigenschaft</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Stack (Stapelspeicher)</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 8px 12px;">Heap (Freispeicher)</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><strong>Lebensdauer</strong></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">Automatisch an Scope (Funktionsblock <code>{}</code>) gebunden</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">Manuell: Bis <code>free()</code> aufgerufen wird</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><strong>Größe</strong></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">Fest zur Compile-Zeit / Begrenzt (Stack Overflow bei riesigen Arrays)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">Dynamisch zur Laufzeit (GBs an RAM)</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><strong>Verwaltung</strong></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;">CPU Stack Pointer Register (0 Overhead)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 8px 12px;"><code>malloc()</code> / <code>calloc()</code> / <code>realloc()</code> / <code>free()</code></td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. THEORIE: MALLOC, REALLOC & FREE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🛠️ 3. Dynamische Speicherallokation & Memory Leaks</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Der Lebenszyklus einer Heap-Allokation in C:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <stdlib.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 1. Speicher auf dem Heap reservieren (z.B. für 10 Ganzzahlen):
|
||||||
|
int* buffer = (int*)malloc(10 * sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
if (buffer == NULL) {
|
||||||
|
// Allokation fehlgeschlagen (Out of Memory)
|
||||||
|
return -1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 2. Speicher verwenden:
|
||||||
|
buffer[0] = 123;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 3. Speicher freigeben & Dangling Pointer eliminieren:
|
||||||
|
free(buffer);
|
||||||
|
buffer = NULL; // WICHTIG: Verhindert versehentlichen Zugriff nach Freigabe!</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.c</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>c_string_laenge(const char* str)</code> (eigene <code>strlen</code>-Funktion bis <code>'\0'</code>) schreiben.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>c_string_umkehren(char* str)</code> (In-Place Reversal mit Two-Pointer) implementieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> <code>erstelle_dynamisches_array(size_t anzahl, int initial_wert)</code> mit <code>malloc()</code> allokieren und initialisieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>dupliziere_string(const char* src)</code> auf dem Heap allokieren (<code>strlen + 1</code> Bytes) und kopieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> <code>vergroessere_array(int* alt, size_t alt_sz, size_t neu_sz, int fuell_wert)</code> mit <code>realloc()</code> erweitern.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t6">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t6"><strong>TODO 6:</strong> <code>gebe_speicher_frei(void** ptr_ref)</code> mit <code>free(*ptr_ref)</code> und <code>*ptr_ref = NULL</code> gegen Dangling Pointers absichern.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 Systems Pro-Tipp: calloc vs. malloc</div>
|
||||||
|
<p><code>malloc()</code> reserviert rohen, uninitialisierten Speicher (enthält zufälligen Datensalat/Garbage). <code>calloc(n, size)</code> setzt alle Bits garantiert auf <code>0</code>!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_1_c_basics&chapter=03_arrays_strings_und_manuelle_speicherallokation" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../02_pointer_und_speicheradressen/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">← Zurück zu C 02</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../04_structs_und_header_dateien/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C 04 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdlib.h>
|
||||||
|
#include <string.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int* erstelle_dynamisches_array(size_t groesse) {
|
||||||
|
int* arr = (int*)malloc(groesse * sizeof(int));
|
||||||
|
return arr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void speicher_freigeben(void* ptr) {
|
||||||
|
if (ptr != NULL) {
|
||||||
|
free(ptr);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet dynamische Array-Allokation und Freigabe
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C 04: Structs, typedef & Header-Architektur
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Eigene Datentypen mit struct und typedef in C, modulare Aufteilung in Header-Dateien (.h) und Implementierung (.c).
|
||||||
BIN
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/aufgabe.c
Normal file
BIN
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/aufgabe.c
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
22
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C 04: Structs, typedef & Header-Architektur</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C 04: Structs, typedef & Header-Architektur</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Eigene Datentypen mit struct und typedef in C, modulare Aufteilung in Header-Dateien (.h) und Implementierung (.c).</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=04_structs_und_header_dateien" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
BIN
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/musterloesung.c
Normal file
BIN
courses/cpp/04_structs_und_header_dateien/musterloesung.c
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet Mitarbeiter Struct Initialisierung
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 05: Einstieg C++, Namespaces & Referenzen (&)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Der Übergang von C zu C++: std::cout, std::cin, Namespaces, std::string und Referenzen (&) statt Pointer.
|
||||||
11
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
11
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace Mathe {
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TEILZIEL 1 (TODO 1): Vertausche zwei Werte per Referenz
|
||||||
|
void swap(int& a, int& b) {
|
||||||
|
int temp = a;
|
||||||
|
a = b;
|
||||||
|
b = temp;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 05: Einstieg C++, Namespaces & Referenzen (&)</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 05: Einstieg C++, Namespaces & Referenzen (&)</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Der Übergang von C zu C++: std::cout, std::cin, Namespaces, std::string und Referenzen (&) statt Pointer.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
10
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/musterloesung.cpp
Normal file
10
courses/cpp/05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces/musterloesung.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace Mathe {
|
||||||
|
void swap(int& a, int& b) {
|
||||||
|
int temp = a;
|
||||||
|
a = b;
|
||||||
|
b = temp;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet Mathe::swap per Referenz
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 06: Klassen, Destruktoren & RAII-Prinzip
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII), Kapselung in C++, Konstruktoren und automatische Speicherbereinigung im Destruktor.
|
||||||
19
courses/cpp/06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
19
courses/cpp/06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class BankAccount {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::string inhaber;
|
||||||
|
double saldo;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TEILZIEL 1 (TODO 1): Konstruktor & Methoden
|
||||||
|
BankAccount(std::string inhaber, double startSaldo) : inhaber(inhaber), saldo(startSaldo) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void einzahlen(double betrag) {
|
||||||
|
if (betrag > 0) saldo += betrag;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double getSaldo() const { return saldo; }
|
||||||
|
std::string getInhaber() const { return inhaber; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 06: Klassen, Destruktoren & RAII-Prinzip</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 06: Klassen, Destruktoren & RAII-Prinzip</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII), Kapselung in C++, Konstruktoren und automatische Speicherbereinigung im Destruktor.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class BankAccount {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::string inhaber;
|
||||||
|
double saldo;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
BankAccount(std::string inhaber, double startSaldo) : inhaber(inhaber), saldo(startSaldo) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void einzahlen(double betrag) {
|
||||||
|
if (betrag > 0) saldo += betrag;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double getSaldo() const { return saldo; }
|
||||||
|
std::string getInhaber() const { return inhaber; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet BankAccount Konstruktor und einzahlen
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 07: Vererbung, Virtual & Polymorphismus
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vererbungshierarchien, virtual Funktionen, pure virtual Methoden (= 0) und dynamische Bindung in C++.
|
||||||
18
courses/cpp/07_vererbung_und_virtuelle_methoden/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
18
courses/cpp/07_vererbung_und_virtuelle_methoden/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Form {
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
virtual ~Form() = default;
|
||||||
|
virtual double flaeche() const = 0;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Rechteck : public Form {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
double breite;
|
||||||
|
double hoehe;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
Rechteck(double b, double h) : breite(b), hoehe(h) {}
|
||||||
|
double flaeche() const override { return breite * hoehe; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/07_vererbung_und_virtuelle_methoden/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/07_vererbung_und_virtuelle_methoden/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 07: Vererbung, Virtual & Polymorphismus</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 07: Vererbung, Virtual & Polymorphismus</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Vererbungshierarchien, virtual Funktionen, pure virtual Methoden (= 0) und dynamische Bindung in C++.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=07_vererbung_und_virtuelle_methoden" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Form {
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
virtual ~Form() = default;
|
||||||
|
virtual double flaeche() const = 0;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Rechteck : public Form {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
double breite;
|
||||||
|
double hoehe;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
Rechteck(double b, double h) : breite(b), hoehe(h) {}
|
||||||
|
double flaeche() const override { return breite * hoehe; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet Form und Rechteck Polymorphie
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 08: Operator Overloading & Rule of Five
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Überladung von Operatoren (operator+, operator==, operator<<) und die C++ Rule of Five für Ressourcen-Klassen.
|
||||||
17
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
17
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Vektor2D {
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
double x, y;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vektor2D(double x = 0, double y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TEILZIEL 1 (TODO 1): Überlade den +-Operator
|
||||||
|
Vektor2D operator+(const Vektor2D& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return Vektor2D(x + other.x, y + other.y);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool operator==(const Vektor2D& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return x == other.x && y == other.y;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 08: Operator Overloading & Rule of Five</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 08: Operator Overloading & Rule of Five</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Überladung von Operatoren (operator+, operator==, operator<<) und die C++ Rule of Five für Ressourcen-Klassen.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=08_operator_overloading" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
16
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/musterloesung.cpp
Normal file
16
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/musterloesung.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class Vektor2D {
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
double x, y;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vektor2D(double x = 0, double y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vektor2D operator+(const Vektor2D& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return Vektor2D(x + other.x, y + other.y);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool operator==(const Vektor2D& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return x == other.x && y == other.y;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
1
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
1
courses/cpp/08_operator_overloading/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet Vektor2D operator+ und operator==
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 09: Function Templates & Class Templates
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Willkommen in der Welt der **generischen Programmierung** in Modern C++20! In diesem Modul lernst du, wie du mithilfe von Templates hocheffizienten, typsicheren und wiederverwendbaren Code schreibst – ohne jeglichen Runtime-Overhead (Zero-Cost Abstraction).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Lernziele
|
||||||
|
1. **Function Templates**: Eigene Funktions-Templates mit `template<typename T>` definieren und anwenden.
|
||||||
|
2. **Class Templates**: Generische Datenstrukturen wie Vektoren und Container programmieren.
|
||||||
|
3. **Non-Type Template Parameters (NTTP)**: Compile-Zeit Konstanten wie Puffergrößen direkt in Template-Definitionen einbinden.
|
||||||
|
4. **Template-Spezialisierung**: Gezielte Sonderbehandlungen für ausgewählte Datentypen (z.B. `std::string` oder `bool`) formulieren.
|
||||||
|
5. **Generische Algorithmen**: Higher-Order-Funktionen schreiben, die beliebige Transformationsfunktionen (Funktoren, Lambdas) auf Vektoren anwenden.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 Schlüsselkonzepte
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. Function Templates
|
||||||
|
Anstatt separate Funktionen für `int`, `double` und `float` zu überladen, generiert der Compiler bei Bedarf die passende Spezialisierung:
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
T clamp_value(T val, T min_val, T max_val) {
|
||||||
|
if (val < min_val) return min_val;
|
||||||
|
if (val > max_val) return max_val;
|
||||||
|
return val;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. Class Templates & NTTP
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, std::size_t Capacity>
|
||||||
|
class FixedRingBuffer {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
T buffer_[Capacity];
|
||||||
|
std::size_t head_{0};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t tail_{0};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t count_{0};
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
bool push(const T& item);
|
||||||
|
T pop();
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const;
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_full() const;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3. Template-Spezialisierung
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const T& val) {
|
||||||
|
return "generic: " + std::to_string(val);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer<std::string> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const std::string& val) {
|
||||||
|
return "string: " + val;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🚀 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.cpp`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 1**: `clamp_value<T>` implementieren
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 2**: `Vector3D<T>` mit arithmetischen Operatoren & `dot_product()`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 3**: `FixedRingBuffer<T, Capacity>` Ringpuffer mit NTTP
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 4**: `Serializer<T>` Primärtemplate + Spezialisierungen für `std::string` und `bool`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 5**: `apply_transform(const std::vector<T>&, Func)` Higher-Order Template
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
#include <cstddef>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace cpp09 {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 1: Function Template clamp_value
|
||||||
|
// Begrenzt einen Wert 'val' auf den Bereich zwischen 'min_val' und 'max_val'.
|
||||||
|
// Falls val < min_val: gib min_val zurück.
|
||||||
|
// Falls val > max_val: gib max_val zurück.
|
||||||
|
// Sonst: gib val zurück.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
T clamp_value(T val, T min_val, T max_val) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 1: Implementiere die generische Begrenzungsfunktion
|
||||||
|
return val;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 2: Class Template Vector3D<T>
|
||||||
|
// Generischer 3D-Vektor mit Komponenten x, y, z vom Typ T.
|
||||||
|
// Methoden / Operatoren:
|
||||||
|
// - Konstruktor Vector3D(T x, T y, T z)
|
||||||
|
// - operator+ (Vektoraddition: addiert korrespondierende Komponenten)
|
||||||
|
// - operator* (Skalarmultiplikation mit Faktor T: multipliziert jede Komponente)
|
||||||
|
// - dot_product(const Vector3D<T>& other) const -> Berechnet das Skalarprodukt (x1*x2 + y1*y2 + z1*z2)
|
||||||
|
// - length_squared() const -> x*x + y*y + z*z
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
struct Vector3D {
|
||||||
|
T x{0};
|
||||||
|
T y{0};
|
||||||
|
T z{0};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vector3D() = default;
|
||||||
|
Vector3D(T x_val, T y_val, T z_val) : x(x_val), y(y_val), z(z_val) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vector3D<T> operator+(const Vector3D<T>& other) const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2a: Vektor-Addition
|
||||||
|
return *this;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vector3D<T> operator*(T scalar) const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2b: Skalar-Multiplikation
|
||||||
|
return *this;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T dot_product(const Vector3D<T>& other) const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2c: Skalarprodukt berechnen
|
||||||
|
return T{0};
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T length_squared() const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2d: Quadratische Länge (x*x + y*y + z*z)
|
||||||
|
return T{0};
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool operator==(const Vector3D<T>& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return x == other.x && y == other.y && z == other.z;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 3: Class Template FixedRingBuffer<T, Capacity> mit NTTP
|
||||||
|
// Implementiere einen Ringpuffer mit fester Compile-Zeit-Kapazität 'Capacity'.
|
||||||
|
// Methoden:
|
||||||
|
// - bool push(const T& item): Fügt item hinzu. Gibt true zurück, wenn erfolgreich.
|
||||||
|
// Gibt false zurück, wenn der Puffer voll ist (size == Capacity).
|
||||||
|
// - T pop(): Entfernt das älteste Element und gibt es zurück.
|
||||||
|
// Wirft std::underflow_error("Buffer is empty"), falls der Puffer leer ist.
|
||||||
|
// - std::size_t size() const: Gibt aktuelle Anzahl der Elemente zurück.
|
||||||
|
// - std::size_t capacity() const: Gibt Capacity zurück.
|
||||||
|
// - bool is_full() const: Gibt true zurück, wenn size == Capacity.
|
||||||
|
// - bool is_empty() const: Gibt true zurück, wenn size == 0.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, std::size_t Capacity>
|
||||||
|
class FixedRingBuffer {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
T data_[Capacity]{};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t head_{0};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t tail_{0};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t count_{0};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
FixedRingBuffer() = default;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool push(const T& item) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 3a: Element am Tail einfügen falls nicht voll
|
||||||
|
return false;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T pop() {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 3b: Ältestes Element am Head entfernen und zurückgeben
|
||||||
|
if (is_empty()) {
|
||||||
|
throw std::underflow_error("Buffer is empty");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return data_[0];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 3c: Anzahl der Elemente
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t capacity() const {
|
||||||
|
return Capacity;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_full() const {
|
||||||
|
return size() == Capacity;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_empty() const {
|
||||||
|
return size() == 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 4: Template Specialization - Serializer<T>
|
||||||
|
// - Primärtemplate: static std::string serialize(const T& val) -> "generic: " + std::to_string(val)
|
||||||
|
// - Spezialisierung für std::string: static std::string serialize(const std::string& val) -> "string: \"" + val + "\""
|
||||||
|
// - Spezialisierung für bool: static std::string serialize(const bool& val) -> "bool: " + (val ? "true" : "false")
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const T& val) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 4a: Primärtemplate
|
||||||
|
return "";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer<std::string> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const std::string& val) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 4b: Spezialisierung für std::string
|
||||||
|
return "";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer<bool> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const bool& val) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 4c: Spezialisierung für bool
|
||||||
|
return "";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 5: Higher-Order Generic Algorithm - apply_transform
|
||||||
|
// Wendet ein Funktionsobjekt / Lambda 'func' auf jedes Element von 'input' an
|
||||||
|
// und gibt einen neuen std::vector mit den transformierten Resultaten zurück.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, typename Func>
|
||||||
|
auto apply_transform(const std::vector<T>& input, Func func) {
|
||||||
|
using ResultType = decltype(func(std::declval<T>()));
|
||||||
|
std::vector<ResultType> result;
|
||||||
|
// TODO 5: Vektor transformieren und befüllen
|
||||||
|
return result;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
} // namespace cpp09
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "=== C++ 09: Templates & Generische Programmierung ===" << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
int c = cpp09::clamp_value(15, 0, 10);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "clamp_value(15, 0, 10) = " << c << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 09: Function & Class Templates</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">⚙️ C++20 Generic Programming</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C++ 09: Function Templates & Class Templates</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Schreibe typsicheren, wiederverwendbaren Code mit C++ Templates: Funktions-Templates, Template-Klassen, Non-Type Template Parameters (NTTP) und explizite Spezialisierung.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: FUNCTION TEMPLATES -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📐 1. Funktions-Templates (<code>template<typename T></code>)</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Templates ermöglichen es, Algorithmen unabhängig von konkreten Datentypen zu formulieren. Zur Compile-Zeit generiert der C++-Compiler (Monomorphisierung) für jeden verwendeten Typ eine optimierte Maschinenbauform:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Generische Minimum-Funktion
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
T min_value(T a, T b) {
|
||||||
|
return (a < b) ? a : b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Mehrere Template-Parameter
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, typename U>
|
||||||
|
auto add_heterogeneous(T a, U b) -> decltype(a + b) {
|
||||||
|
return a + b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << min_value(10, 20) << "\n"; // T = int
|
||||||
|
std::cout << min_value(3.14, 2.71) << "\n"; // T = double
|
||||||
|
std::cout << min_value<std::string>("Alpha", "Beta") << "\n"; // Explizit
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">🏢 Didaktische Analogie: Der 3D-Drucker-Gussplan</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein Template ist kein fertiges Bauteil, sondern eine <strong>Gussform</strong> (Blaupause). Wenn du <code>min_value(5, 10)</code> aufrufst, gießt der Compiler eine <code>int</code>-Version. Rufst du <code>min_value(2.5, 4.1)</code> auf, gießt er eine <code>double</code>-Version. Es gibt <strong>keinen Runtime-Overhead</strong> (Zero-Cost Abstraction)!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: CLASS TEMPLATES & NTTP -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📦 2. Klassen-Templates & Non-Type Template Parameters (NTTP)</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Klassen können generisch über Datentypen und über compile-zeitliche Konstanten (wie Array-Größen) parametrisiert werden:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <cstddef>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// T = Datentyp, Size = Compile-Zeit Konstante (NTTP)
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, std::size_t Size>
|
||||||
|
class StaticStack {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
T data_[Size];
|
||||||
|
std::size_t top_{0};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void push(const T& item) {
|
||||||
|
if (top_ >= Size) throw std::overflow_error("Stack Overflow");
|
||||||
|
data_[top_++] = item;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T pop() {
|
||||||
|
if (top_ == 0) throw std::underflow_error("Stack Underflow");
|
||||||
|
return data_[--top_];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t capacity() const { return Size; }
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const { return top_; }
|
||||||
|
};</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. THEORIE: TEMPLATE SPEZIALISIERUNG -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🔍 3. Explizite Template-Spezialisierung</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Manchmal erfordern spezifische Datentypen (z.B. <code>bool</code> oder <code>const char*</code>) eine spezialisierte Behandlung:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>// Primäres Template
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
struct TypeFormatter {
|
||||||
|
static std::string format(const T& val) {
|
||||||
|
return "Generic: " + std::to_string(val);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Vollständige Spezialisierung für std::string
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct TypeFormatter<std::string> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string format(const std::string& val) {
|
||||||
|
return "String: \"" + val + "\"";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Spezialisierung für bool
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct TypeFormatter<bool> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string format(const bool& val) {
|
||||||
|
return val ? "Bool: TRUE" : "Bool: FALSE";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. CHEAT-SHEET -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📑 4. Cheat-Sheet: C++ Template Konzepte</h2>
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; text-align: left;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Konstrukt</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Syntax-Beispiel</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Bedeutung & Verwendungszweck</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>template<typename T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>T square(T x) { return x * x; }</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Funktions-Template für beliebige numerische Typen</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Class Template</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>template<typename T> class Buffer;</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Generischer Container oder Wrapper</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">NTTP (Non-Type)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>template<typename T, size_t N></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Größen oder Konstanten fest zur Compile-Zeit binden</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Template Specialization</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>template<> struct Formatter<bool></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Sonderlogik für bestimmte Typen definieren</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Type Alias (<code>using</code>)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>template<typename T> using Vec = std::vector<T>;</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Lesbare Alias-Namen für komplexe Template-Typen</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 5. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.cpp</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>clamp_value<T>(val, min_val, max_val)</code> als Function Template implementieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>Vector3D<T></code> Klassen-Template mit <code>operator+</code>, Skalarmultiplikation <code>operator*</code> und <code>dot_product()</code> erstellen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> <code>FixedRingBuffer<T, Capacity></code> mit NTTP, <code>push()</code>, <code>pop()</code>, <code>is_full()</code> und <code>size()</code> implementieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>Serializer<T></code> Primärtemplate und Spezialisierungen für <code>std::string</code> und <code>bool</code> schreiben.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> <code>apply_transform(const std::vector<T>&, Func)</code> zur generischen Vektor-Transformation umsetzen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 C++20 Pro-Tipp: Header-Only Templates</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Weil der Compiler den Quellcode der Templates kennen muss, um konkrete Typ-Instanziierungen zu kompilieren, werden Template-Definitionen in C++ üblicherweise komplett in Header-Dateien (<code>.hpp</code> / <code>.h</code>) platziert!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_3_smart_pointers_stl&chapter=09_templates_und_generische_programmierung" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C++ 10 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
#include <cstddef>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace cpp09 {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 1: Function Template clamp_value
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
T clamp_value(T val, T min_val, T max_val) {
|
||||||
|
if (val < min_val) return min_val;
|
||||||
|
if (val > max_val) return max_val;
|
||||||
|
return val;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 2: Class Template Vector3D<T>
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
struct Vector3D {
|
||||||
|
T x{0};
|
||||||
|
T y{0};
|
||||||
|
T z{0};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vector3D() = default;
|
||||||
|
Vector3D(T x_val, T y_val, T z_val) : x(x_val), y(y_val), z(z_val) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vector3D<T> operator+(const Vector3D<T>& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return Vector3D<T>(x + other.x, y + other.y, z + other.z);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Vector3D<T> operator*(T scalar) const {
|
||||||
|
return Vector3D<T>(x * scalar, y * scalar, z * scalar);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T dot_product(const Vector3D<T>& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return (x * other.x) + (y * other.y) + (z * other.z);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T length_squared() const {
|
||||||
|
return (x * x) + (y * y) + (z * z);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool operator==(const Vector3D<T>& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return x == other.x && y == other.y && z == other.z;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 3: Class Template FixedRingBuffer<T, Capacity> mit NTTP
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, std::size_t Capacity>
|
||||||
|
class FixedRingBuffer {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
T data_[Capacity]{};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t head_{0};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t tail_{0};
|
||||||
|
std::size_t count_{0};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
FixedRingBuffer() = default;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool push(const T& item) {
|
||||||
|
if (is_full()) {
|
||||||
|
return false;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
data_[tail_] = item;
|
||||||
|
tail_ = (tail_ + 1) % Capacity;
|
||||||
|
++count_;
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
T pop() {
|
||||||
|
if (is_empty()) {
|
||||||
|
throw std::underflow_error("Buffer is empty");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
T item = data_[head_];
|
||||||
|
head_ = (head_ + 1) % Capacity;
|
||||||
|
--count_;
|
||||||
|
return item;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const {
|
||||||
|
return count_;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t capacity() const {
|
||||||
|
return Capacity;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_full() const {
|
||||||
|
return count_ == Capacity;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_empty() const {
|
||||||
|
return count_ == 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 4: Template Specialization - Serializer<T>
|
||||||
|
template <typename T>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const T& val) {
|
||||||
|
return "generic: " + std::to_string(val);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer<std::string> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const std::string& val) {
|
||||||
|
return "string: \"" + val + "\"";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
template <>
|
||||||
|
struct Serializer<bool> {
|
||||||
|
static std::string serialize(const bool& val) {
|
||||||
|
return std::string("bool: ") + (val ? "true" : "false");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 5: Higher-Order Generic Algorithm - apply_transform
|
||||||
|
template <typename T, typename Func>
|
||||||
|
auto apply_transform(const std::vector<T>& input, Func func) {
|
||||||
|
using ResultType = decltype(func(std::declval<T>()));
|
||||||
|
std::vector<ResultType> result;
|
||||||
|
result.reserve(input.size());
|
||||||
|
for (const auto& item : input) {
|
||||||
|
result.push_back(func(item));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return result;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
} // namespace cpp09
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "=== C++ 09: Musterlösung ===" << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
int c = cpp09::clamp_value(15, 0, 10);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "clamp_value(15, 0, 10) = " << c << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
cpp09::Vector3D<float> v1(1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f);
|
||||||
|
cpp09::Vector3D<float> v2(4.0f, 5.0f, 6.0f);
|
||||||
|
auto v3 = v1 + v2;
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "v3: (" << v3.x << ", " << v3.y << ", " << v3.z << ")\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
cpp09::FixedRingBuffer<int, 3> ring;
|
||||||
|
ring.push(10);
|
||||||
|
ring.push(20);
|
||||||
|
ring.push(30);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Ring full? " << (ring.is_full() ? "true" : "false") << "\n";
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Pop: " << ring.pop() << "\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << cpp09::Serializer<int>::serialize(42) << "\n";
|
||||||
|
std::cout << cpp09::Serializer<std::string>::serialize("Hello C++20") << "\n";
|
||||||
|
std::cout << cpp09::Serializer<bool>::serialize(true) << "\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <cassert>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
#include <sstream>
|
||||||
|
#include "aufgabe.cpp"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🧪 GOOGLETEST SUITE: C++ 09 - TEMPLATES & GENERISCHE PROGRAMMIERUNG
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#ifndef TEST
|
||||||
|
#define TEST(Suite, Name) void Suite##_##Name()
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_EQ(a, b) assert((a) == (b))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_TRUE(a) assert(a)
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_FALSE(a) assert(!(a))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_NEAR(a, b, eps) assert(std::fabs((a) - (b)) <= (eps))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_THROW(stmt, ex_type) \
|
||||||
|
try { stmt; assert(false && "Expected exception not thrown"); } \
|
||||||
|
catch (const ex_type&) {} \
|
||||||
|
catch (...) { assert(false && "Wrong exception type thrown"); }
|
||||||
|
#endif
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 1 - clamp_value Function Template
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp09Templates, ClampValueFunctionTemplate) {
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::clamp_value(5, 0, 10), 5);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::clamp_value(-5, 0, 10), 0);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::clamp_value(25, 0, 10), 10);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(cpp09::clamp_value(3.14, 0.0, 2.5), 2.5, 0.0001);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(cpp09::clamp_value(-1.5, -1.0, 5.0), -1.0, 0.0001);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 2 - Vector3D Class Template
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp09Templates, Vector3DClassTemplate) {
|
||||||
|
cpp09::Vector3D<int> a(1, 2, 3);
|
||||||
|
cpp09::Vector3D<int> b(4, 5, 6);
|
||||||
|
auto sum = a + b;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(sum.x, 5);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(sum.y, 7);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(sum.z, 9);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto scaled = a * 3;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(scaled.x, 3);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(scaled.y, 6);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(scaled.z, 9);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int dot = a.dot_product(b);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(dot, 1*4 + 2*5 + 3*6); // 4 + 10 + 18 = 32
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(a.length_squared(), 1 + 4 + 9); // 14
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 3 - FixedRingBuffer NTTP
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp09Templates, FixedRingBufferNTTP) {
|
||||||
|
cpp09::FixedRingBuffer<int, 3> ring;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.is_empty());
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_FALSE(ring.is_full());
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.size(), 0);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.capacity(), 3);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.push(10));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.push(20));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.push(30));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_FALSE(ring.push(40)); // Voll
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.is_full());
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.size(), 3);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.pop(), 10);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.pop(), 20);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.size(), 1);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.push(99));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.pop(), 30);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(ring.pop(), 99);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(ring.is_empty());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_THROW(ring.pop(), std::underflow_error);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 4 - Template Specialization
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp09Templates, SerializerSpecialization) {
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::Serializer<int>::serialize(42), "generic: 42");
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::Serializer<std::string>::serialize("Systems"), "string: \"Systems\"");
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::Serializer<bool>::serialize(true), "bool: true");
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp09::Serializer<bool>::serialize(false), "bool: false");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 5 - Generic Transformation Algorithm
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp09Templates, ApplyTransformAlgorithm) {
|
||||||
|
std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
|
||||||
|
auto squares = cpp09::apply_transform(numbers, [](int x) { return x * x; });
|
||||||
|
std::vector<int> expected_squares = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25};
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(squares, expected_squares);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto stringified = cpp09::apply_transform(numbers, [](int x) { return "Val: " + std::to_string(x); });
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(stringified.size(), 5);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(stringified[0], "Val: 1");
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(stringified[4], "Val: 5");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#ifndef RUN_AS_GTEST_MAIN
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_1 (ClampValueFunctionTemplate)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp09Templates_ClampValueFunctionTemplate();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_1\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_2 (Vector3DClassTemplate)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp09Templates_Vector3DClassTemplate();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_2\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_3 (FixedRingBufferNTTP)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp09Templates_FixedRingBufferNTTP();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_3\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_4 (SerializerSpecialization)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp09Templates_SerializerSpecialization();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_4\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_5 (ApplyTransformAlgorithm)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp09Templates_ApplyTransformAlgorithm();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_5\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "\n[ PASSED ] 5 tests passed successfully!\n";
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
#endif
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 10: Smart Pointer & Modern Memory Safety
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Modernes C++20 löst das historische Problem von C/C++ – manuelle Speicherverwaltung, Memory Leaks und Ungültige Zeiger (Dangling Pointers) – vollständig durch **Smart Pointer** und das **RAII-Prinzip** (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Lernziele
|
||||||
|
1. **Exklusiver Besitz**: `std::unique_ptr<T>` mit `std::make_unique<T>` erzeugen und per `std::move` transferieren.
|
||||||
|
2. **Geteilter Besitz**: `std::shared_ptr<T>` und atomare Referenzzählung verstehen.
|
||||||
|
3. **Zyklenfreie Strukturen**: `std::weak_ptr<T>` zur Verhinderung von Speicherlecks in Graphen, Caches und Observern einsetzen (`.lock()`, `.expired()`).
|
||||||
|
4. **RAII Custom Deleters**: Nicht-speicherbasierte Handles (C-File-Pointers, Mutexes) sicher über RAII-Deleter verwalten.
|
||||||
|
5. **Memory Safety Verification**: Überwachung von Konstruktion und Destruktion in Unit Tests.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 Schlüsselkonzepte
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. `std::unique_ptr`
|
||||||
|
- Kann nicht kopiert werden (`copy constructor = delete`).
|
||||||
|
- Überträgt Besitz via `std::move`.
|
||||||
|
- Zerstört das Objekt automatisch beim Verlassen des Scopes.
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
auto session = std::make_unique<Session>(42, "admin");
|
||||||
|
manager.register_session(std::move(session)); // session ist danach nullptr
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. `std::shared_ptr` & `std::weak_ptr`
|
||||||
|
- `std::shared_ptr` teilt den Besitz mit mehreren Instanzen.
|
||||||
|
- `std::weak_ptr` beobachtet ein Objekt, ohne den Referenzzähler zu erhöhen.
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
std::shared_ptr<Document> doc = std::make_shared<Document>("MasterThesis");
|
||||||
|
std::weak_ptr<Document> observer = doc;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (auto active_doc = observer.lock()) {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << active_doc->get_title() << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3. RAII Custom Deleter
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
auto raw_buffer = std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[], void(*)(uint8_t*)>(
|
||||||
|
new uint8_t[1024],
|
||||||
|
[](uint8_t* ptr) { delete[] ptr; }
|
||||||
|
);
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🚀 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.cpp`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 1**: `create_unique_session(id, user)` mit `std::make_unique`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 2**: `SessionManager` mit Move-Semantik (`std::move`)
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 3**: `SharedDocument` & `DocumentObserver` mit `std::weak_ptr`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 4**: `ResourceTracker` mit RAII-Zähler
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 5**: Custom Deleter für `SafeBuffer`
|
||||||
159
courses/cpp/10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
159
courses/cpp/10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
#include <cstdint>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace cpp10 {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Hilfsstruktur für Sessions
|
||||||
|
struct Session {
|
||||||
|
int id;
|
||||||
|
std::string username;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Session(int session_id, std::string user)
|
||||||
|
: id(session_id), username(std::move(user)) {}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 1: create_unique_session
|
||||||
|
// Erzeuge mit std::make_unique einen neuen Session-Zeiger (std::unique_ptr<Session>)
|
||||||
|
// mit der übergebenen ID und dem Benutzernamen.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
inline std::unique_ptr<Session> create_unique_session(int id, const std::string& username) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 1: std::make_unique aufrufen
|
||||||
|
return nullptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 2: SessionManager (Move-Semantik & Ownership)
|
||||||
|
// Verwaltet eine Liste von Sessions via std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Session>>.
|
||||||
|
// Methoden:
|
||||||
|
// - void add_session(std::unique_ptr<Session> session): Übernimmt den Besitz per std::move
|
||||||
|
// - std::size_t count() const: Gibt Anzahl der aktiven Sessions zurück
|
||||||
|
// - const Session* get_session(int id) const: Sucht Session mit id, gibt Rohzeiger (Observer)
|
||||||
|
// oder nullptr zurück wenn nicht gefunden
|
||||||
|
// - std::unique_ptr<Session> extract_session(int id): Entfernt die Session aus dem Manager
|
||||||
|
// und gibt den Besitz an den Aufrufer zurück
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
class SessionManager {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Session>> sessions_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void add_session(std::unique_ptr<Session> session) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2a: Session in sessions_ per std::move einfügen
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t count() const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2b: Anzahl zurückgeben
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] const Session* get_session(int id) const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2c: Observer-Zeiger suchen
|
||||||
|
return nullptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::unique_ptr<Session> extract_session(int id) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2d: Session finden, aus Vector entfernen und ownership zurückgeben
|
||||||
|
return nullptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 3: SharedDocument & DocumentObserver mit std::shared_ptr & std::weak_ptr
|
||||||
|
// - Document hält Titel und Text.
|
||||||
|
// - DocumentObserver hält eine schwache Referenz (std::weak_ptr<Document>).
|
||||||
|
// - bool is_valid() const: Prüft ob das Dokument noch existiert (!expired())
|
||||||
|
// - std::string read_title() const: Gibt den Titel zurück falls noch existent,
|
||||||
|
// oder wirft std::runtime_error("Document destroyed")
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
class Document {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::string title_;
|
||||||
|
std::string content_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
Document(std::string title, std::string content)
|
||||||
|
: title_(std::move(title)), content_(std::move(content)) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] const std::string& get_title() const { return title_; }
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] const std::string& get_content() const { return content_; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class DocumentObserver {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::weak_ptr<Document> doc_ref_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
explicit DocumentObserver(std::shared_ptr<Document> doc) : doc_ref_(doc) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_valid() const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 3a: Prüfen, ob das Zielobjekt noch existiert
|
||||||
|
return false;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::string read_title() const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 3b: Mit lock() auflösen und Titel lesen
|
||||||
|
if (auto doc = doc_ref_.lock()) {
|
||||||
|
return doc->get_title();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
throw std::runtime_error("Document destroyed");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 4: ResourceTracker (RAII Lifecycle & Leak Prevention)
|
||||||
|
// Zählt statisch alle aktiven Instanzen in 'active_count' und alle erzeugten Instanzen in 'total_created'.
|
||||||
|
// - Konstruktor: Inkrementiert active_count und total_created
|
||||||
|
// - Destruktor: Dekrementiert active_count
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
class ResourceTracker {
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
static inline int active_count = 0;
|
||||||
|
static inline int total_created = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int resource_id;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
explicit ResourceTracker(int id) : resource_id(id) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 4a: Zähler inkrementieren
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
~ResourceTracker() {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 4b: active_count dekrementieren
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 5: Custom Deleter für Heap Buffer (SafeBuffer)
|
||||||
|
// Erzeuge einen std::unique_ptr für ein uint8_t[]-Array der Größe 'size',
|
||||||
|
// dessen Custom Deleter ein boolean Flag 'freed_flag' auf true setzt, wenn er aufgerufen wird.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
struct BufferDeleter {
|
||||||
|
bool* freed_signal{nullptr};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void operator()(uint8_t* ptr) const {
|
||||||
|
if (freed_signal) *freed_signal = true;
|
||||||
|
delete[] ptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
using SafeBuffer = std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[], BufferDeleter>;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inline SafeBuffer create_monitored_buffer(std::size_t size, bool* freed_flag) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 5: SafeBuffer mit neuem uint8_t[size] und BufferDeleter{freed_flag} zurückgeben
|
||||||
|
return SafeBuffer(nullptr, BufferDeleter{freed_flag});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
} // namespace cpp10
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "=== C++ 10: Smart Pointer & Speichersicherheit ===" << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
auto s = cpp10::create_unique_session(1, "alice");
|
||||||
|
if (s) {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Session ID: " << s->id << ", User: " << s->username << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
188
courses/cpp/10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit/index.html
Normal file
188
courses/cpp/10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 10: Smart Pointer & Modern Memory Safety</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">🛡️ Modern C++20 Memory Safety</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C++ 10: Smart Pointer & Speichersicherheit</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Schluss mit Memory Leaks und Dangling Pointern: Beherrsche <code>std::unique_ptr</code>, <code>std::shared_ptr</code>, <code>std::weak_ptr</code> und RAII Custom Deleter in Modern C++20.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: UNIQUE_PTR & EXCLUSIVE OWNERSHIP -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🔐 1. Exklusiver Besitz: <code>std::unique_ptr</code> & <code>std::make_unique</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein <code>std::unique_ptr</code> besitzt eine Heap-Ressource <strong>exklusiv</strong>. Er kann nicht kopiert, sondern nur via Move-Semantik (<code>std::move</code>) übertragen werden. Sobald der Smart Pointer den Gültigkeitsbereich (Scope) verlässt, wird der Speicher automatisch freigegeben:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct Connection {
|
||||||
|
int id;
|
||||||
|
Connection(int i) : id(i) { std::cout << "Connect " << id << "\n"; }
|
||||||
|
~Connection() { std::cout << "Disconnect " << id << "\n"; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void process_connection(std::unique_ptr<Connection> conn) {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Processing connection " << conn->id << "\n";
|
||||||
|
} // conn wird HIER automatisch zerstört!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
// Bevorzugt: std::make_unique (Ausnahmesicher & effizient)
|
||||||
|
auto c1 = std::make_unique<Connection>(101);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// FEHLER (Kopieren verboten): auto c2 = c1;
|
||||||
|
// KORREKT (Besitz übertragen):
|
||||||
|
process_connection(std::move(c1));
|
||||||
|
// c1 ist jetzt nullptr
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">🏢 Didaktische Analogie: Der Generalschlüssel</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein <code>std::unique_ptr</code> ist wie ein <strong>physischer Original-Schlüssel</strong> zu einem Hotelsafe. Es gibt keine Duplikate. Wenn du den Schlüssel an einen Kollegen übergibst (<code>std::move</code>), sind deine eigenen Hände leer (<code>nullptr</code>). Beim Auschecken schließt der Schlüssel den Safe automatisch ab und löscht den Inhalt!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: SHARED_PTR & WEAK_PTR -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🤝 2. Geteilter Besitz: <code>std::shared_ptr</code> & <code>std::weak_ptr</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein <code>std::shared_ptr</code> verwaltet Ressourcen über einen <strong>Referenzzähler</strong> (Reference Count). Erst wenn die letzte Kopie zerstört wird (Count == 0), wird das Objekt freigegeben. Um zyklische Referenzen (Memory Leaks) zu verhindern, verwenden wir <code>std::weak_ptr</code>:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct Node {
|
||||||
|
int value;
|
||||||
|
std::shared_ptr<Node> next;
|
||||||
|
std::weak_ptr<Node> prev; // Verhindert zirkuläre Referenz!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Node(int v) : value(v) {}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
auto n1 = std::make_shared<Node>(1);
|
||||||
|
auto n2 = std::make_shared<Node>(2);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
n1->next = n2;
|
||||||
|
n2->prev = n1; // Schwache Referenz erhöht den Shared Count nicht
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (auto parent = n2->prev.lock()) {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Parent existiert noch: " << parent->value << "\n";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. THEORIE: CUSTOM DELETER -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>⚙️ 3. RAII Custom Deleters für C-Ressourcen</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Smart Pointer können auch nicht-speicherbasierte OS-Handles (wie Dateideskriptoren, Sockets oder Mutexes) automatisch schließen:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <cstdio>
|
||||||
|
#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Custom Deleter für C-Dateizeiger
|
||||||
|
auto file_deleter = [](FILE* fp) {
|
||||||
|
if (fp) {
|
||||||
|
std::fclose(fp);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "File handle safely closed.\n";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
using SafeFile = std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(file_deleter)>;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SafeFile open_safe_file(const char* filename, const char* mode) {
|
||||||
|
FILE* fp = std::fopen(filename, mode);
|
||||||
|
return SafeFile(fp, file_deleter);
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. CHEAT-SHEET -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📑 4. Cheat-Sheet: Smart Pointer Vergleich</h2>
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; text-align: left;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Smart Pointer Typ</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Besitzmodell</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Kopierbar / Bewegbar</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Typischer Anwendungsfall</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::unique_ptr<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Exklusiv (1 Besitzer)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Nur Move (<code>std::move</code>)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Standard-Allokation, Factory Methods, RAII Guards</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::shared_ptr<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Geteilt (Ref Count)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Copy & Move erlaubt</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Gemeinsame Ressourcen, Graph-Kanten, Caches</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::weak_ptr<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Nicht-besitzend (Observer)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Copy & Move</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Backpointer (Parent), Caching, Cycle-Breaking</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>T*</code> (Raw Pointer)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Kein Besitz (Observer)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Copy & Move</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Nur noch für optionale Parameter / Beobachtung</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 5. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.cpp</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>create_unique_session(id, user)</code> mit <code>std::make_unique</code> implementieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>SessionManager</code> mit Transfer von <code>std::unique_ptr</code> via <code>std::move</code> erstellen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> <code>SharedDocument</code> und <code>DocumentObserver</code> mit <code>std::shared_ptr</code> und <code>std::weak_ptr</code> verknüpfen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>ResourceTracker</code> mit RAII-Zähler für Konstruktion & Destruktion programmieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> Custom Deleter für RAII-Puffer-Cleanup mit <code>std::unique_ptr</code> umsetzen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 Modern C++ Regel: Kein manuelles <code>new</code> / <code>delete</code> mehr!</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Im modernen C++ (seit C++14/C++20) gibt es fast keinen legitimen Grund mehr, <code>new</code> oder <code>delete</code> direkt im Anwendungscode aufzurufen. Verwende stattdessen konsequent <code>std::make_unique</code> und <code>std::make_shared</code>!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_3_smart_pointers_stl&chapter=10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../11_standard_template_library_stl/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C++ 11 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
#include <cstdint>
|
||||||
|
#include <algorithm>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace cpp10 {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct Session {
|
||||||
|
int id;
|
||||||
|
std::string username;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Session(int session_id, std::string user)
|
||||||
|
: id(session_id), username(std::move(user)) {}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 1: create_unique_session
|
||||||
|
inline std::unique_ptr<Session> create_unique_session(int id, const std::string& username) {
|
||||||
|
return std::make_unique<Session>(id, username);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 2: SessionManager (Move-Semantik & Ownership)
|
||||||
|
class SessionManager {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Session>> sessions_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void add_session(std::unique_ptr<Session> session) {
|
||||||
|
if (session) {
|
||||||
|
sessions_.push_back(std::move(session));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t count() const {
|
||||||
|
return sessions_.size();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] const Session* get_session(int id) const {
|
||||||
|
for (const auto& s : sessions_) {
|
||||||
|
if (s && s->id == id) {
|
||||||
|
return s.get();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return nullptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::unique_ptr<Session> extract_session(int id) {
|
||||||
|
for (auto it = sessions_.begin(); it != sessions_.end(); ++it) {
|
||||||
|
if (*it && (*it)->id == id) {
|
||||||
|
std::unique_ptr<Session> extracted = std::move(*it);
|
||||||
|
sessions_.erase(it);
|
||||||
|
return extracted;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return nullptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 3: SharedDocument & DocumentObserver mit std::shared_ptr & std::weak_ptr
|
||||||
|
class Document {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::string title_;
|
||||||
|
std::string content_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
Document(std::string title, std::string content)
|
||||||
|
: title_(std::move(title)), content_(std::move(content)) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] const std::string& get_title() const { return title_; }
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] const std::string& get_content() const { return content_; }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class DocumentObserver {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::weak_ptr<Document> doc_ref_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
explicit DocumentObserver(std::shared_ptr<Document> doc) : doc_ref_(doc) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] bool is_valid() const {
|
||||||
|
return !doc_ref_.expired();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::string read_title() const {
|
||||||
|
if (auto doc = doc_ref_.lock()) {
|
||||||
|
return doc->get_title();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
throw std::runtime_error("Document destroyed");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 4: ResourceTracker (RAII Lifecycle & Leak Prevention)
|
||||||
|
class ResourceTracker {
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
static inline int active_count = 0;
|
||||||
|
static inline int total_created = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int resource_id;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
explicit ResourceTracker(int id) : resource_id(id) {
|
||||||
|
++active_count;
|
||||||
|
++total_created;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
~ResourceTracker() {
|
||||||
|
--active_count;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 5: Custom Deleter für Heap Buffer (SafeBuffer)
|
||||||
|
struct BufferDeleter {
|
||||||
|
bool* freed_signal{nullptr};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void operator()(uint8_t* ptr) const {
|
||||||
|
if (freed_signal) *freed_signal = true;
|
||||||
|
delete[] ptr;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
using SafeBuffer = std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[], BufferDeleter>;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inline SafeBuffer create_monitored_buffer(std::size_t size, bool* freed_flag) {
|
||||||
|
return SafeBuffer(new uint8_t[size], BufferDeleter{freed_flag});
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
} // namespace cpp10
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "=== C++ 10: Musterlösung ===" << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto s1 = cpp10::create_unique_session(1, "alice");
|
||||||
|
cpp10::SessionManager mgr;
|
||||||
|
mgr.add_session(std::move(s1));
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Active sessions: " << mgr.count() << "\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto doc = std::make_shared<cpp10::Document>("Architektur", "Inhalt...");
|
||||||
|
cpp10::DocumentObserver obs(doc);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Doc title: " << obs.read_title() << "\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool freed = false;
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
auto buf = cpp10::create_monitored_buffer(1024, &freed);
|
||||||
|
buf[0] = 0xAA;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Buffer freed automatically: " << (freed ? "true" : "false") << "\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <cassert>
|
||||||
|
#include "aufgabe.cpp"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🧪 GOOGLETEST SUITE: C++ 10 - SMART POINTER & SPEICHERSICHERHEIT
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#ifndef TEST
|
||||||
|
#define TEST(Suite, Name) void Suite##_##Name()
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_EQ(a, b) assert((a) == (b))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_NE(a, b) assert((a) != (b))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_TRUE(a) assert(a)
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_FALSE(a) assert(!(a))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_THROW(stmt, ex_type) \
|
||||||
|
try { stmt; assert(false && "Expected exception not thrown"); } \
|
||||||
|
catch (const ex_type&) {} \
|
||||||
|
catch (...) { assert(false && "Wrong exception type thrown"); }
|
||||||
|
#endif
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 1 - create_unique_session
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp10SmartPointers, CreateUniqueSession) {
|
||||||
|
auto session = cpp10::create_unique_session(101, "bob");
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NE(session, nullptr);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(session->id, 101);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(session->username, "bob");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 2 - SessionManager Ownership & Move
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp10SmartPointers, SessionManagerMoveOwnership) {
|
||||||
|
cpp10::SessionManager mgr;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(mgr.count(), 0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto s1 = cpp10::create_unique_session(1, "alice");
|
||||||
|
auto s2 = cpp10::create_unique_session(2, "charlie");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
mgr.add_session(std::move(s1));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(s1, nullptr); // s1 wurde gemovt!
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(mgr.count(), 1);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
mgr.add_session(std::move(s2));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(mgr.count(), 2);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const auto* found = mgr.get_session(1);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NE(found, nullptr);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(found->username, "alice");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(mgr.get_session(999), nullptr);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto extracted = mgr.extract_session(1);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NE(extracted, nullptr);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(extracted->id, 1);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(mgr.count(), 1);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(mgr.get_session(1), nullptr);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 3 - SharedDocument and WeakObserver
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp10SmartPointers, SharedDocumentAndWeakObserver) {
|
||||||
|
std::unique_ptr<cpp10::DocumentObserver> obs;
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
auto doc = std::make_shared<cpp10::Document>("SecurityWhitepaper", "Confidential text...");
|
||||||
|
obs = std::make_unique<cpp10::DocumentObserver>(doc);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(obs->is_valid());
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(obs->read_title(), "SecurityWhitepaper");
|
||||||
|
} // doc out of scope here!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_FALSE(obs->is_valid());
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_THROW(obs->read_title(), std::runtime_error);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 4 - ResourceTracker RAII
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp10SmartPointers, ResourceTrackerRAII) {
|
||||||
|
cpp10::ResourceTracker::active_count = 0;
|
||||||
|
cpp10::ResourceTracker::total_created = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
auto r1 = std::make_unique<cpp10::ResourceTracker>(1);
|
||||||
|
auto r2 = std::make_shared<cpp10::ResourceTracker>(2);
|
||||||
|
auto r3 = r2; // Shared copy
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp10::ResourceTracker::active_count, 2);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp10::ResourceTracker::total_created, 2);
|
||||||
|
} // Alle Ressourcen zerstört
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp10::ResourceTracker::active_count, 0);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(cpp10::ResourceTracker::total_created, 2);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 5 - Custom Deleter SafeBuffer
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp10SmartPointers, SafeBufferCustomDeleter) {
|
||||||
|
bool was_freed = false;
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
auto buf = cpp10::create_monitored_buffer(512, &was_freed);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_FALSE(was_freed);
|
||||||
|
buf[0] = 0x42;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(buf[0], 0x42);
|
||||||
|
} // buf leaves scope here
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(was_freed);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#ifndef RUN_AS_GTEST_MAIN
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_1 (CreateUniqueSession)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp10SmartPointers_CreateUniqueSession();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_1\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_2 (SessionManagerMoveOwnership)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp10SmartPointers_SessionManagerMoveOwnership();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_2\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_3 (SharedDocumentAndWeakObserver)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp10SmartPointers_SharedDocumentAndWeakObserver();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_3\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_4 (ResourceTrackerRAII)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp10SmartPointers_ResourceTrackerRAII();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_4\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_5 (SafeBufferCustomDeleter)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp10SmartPointers_SafeBufferCustomDeleter();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_5\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "\n[ PASSED ] 5 tests passed successfully!\n";
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
#endif
|
||||||
48
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/README.md
Normal file
48
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 11: Standard Template Library (STL)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Die **Standard Template Library (STL)** ist das Herzstück moderner C++ Entwicklung. Sie bietet hochgradig optimierte Datenstrukturen und Algorithmen für Systems Engineering und Performance-Anwendungen.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Lernziele
|
||||||
|
1. **STL-Container**: `std::vector`, `std::unordered_map` und `std::set` passend zu den Zugriffsanforderungen einsetzen.
|
||||||
|
2. **STL-Algorithmen**: Komplexe Schleifen durch `std::sort`, `std::copy_if`, `std::transform` und `std::accumulate` ersetzen.
|
||||||
|
3. **Iteratoren & Custom Comparator**: Flexible Sortierkriterien mit Lambdas formulieren.
|
||||||
|
4. **Deduplizierung & Aggregation**: Eindeutige Mengen bilden und Telemetriewerte effizient aggregieren.
|
||||||
|
5. **Memory Reserve**: Performance optimieren durch Vermeidung unnötiger Heap-Reallokationen.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 Schlüsselkonzepte
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. `std::unordered_map`
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
std::unordered_map<std::string, int> inventory;
|
||||||
|
inventory["potion"] += 5; // Erstellt oder inkrementiert O(1)
|
||||||
|
if (auto it = inventory.find("potion"); it != inventory.end()) {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Menge: " << it->second << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. STL Algorithmen (`<algorithm>`, `<numeric>`)
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
// Sortieren
|
||||||
|
std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](const Item& a, const Item& b) {
|
||||||
|
return a.score > b.score;
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Minimum / Maximum
|
||||||
|
auto min_it = std::min_element(vec.begin(), vec.end());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Summe
|
||||||
|
double total = std::accumulate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 0.0);
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🚀 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.cpp`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 1**: `InventorySystem` mit `std::unordered_map`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 2**: `filter_and_sort_leaderboard` mit `std::copy_if` & `std::sort`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 3**: `calculate_telemetry_stats` mit `min_element`, `max_element`, `accumulate`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 4**: `extract_unique_sorted_tags` mit `std::set`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 5**: `normalize_sensor_data` mit `std::transform`
|
||||||
132
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
132
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <unordered_map>
|
||||||
|
#include <set>
|
||||||
|
#include <algorithm>
|
||||||
|
#include <numeric>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace cpp11 {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 1: InventorySystem
|
||||||
|
// Verwaltet Artikel und deren Anzahl via std::unordered_map<std::string, int>.
|
||||||
|
// Methoden:
|
||||||
|
// - void add_item(const std::string& name, int amount): Erhöht den Bestand (oder fügt neu ein)
|
||||||
|
// - bool remove_item(const std::string& name, int amount):
|
||||||
|
// Falls Artikel vorhanden und Bestand >= amount: reduziert um amount und gibt true zurück.
|
||||||
|
// Falls Bestand danach 0 ist, bleibt der Eintrag oder wird 0.
|
||||||
|
// Falls nicht genug vorhanden oder Artikel nicht existent: ändert nichts und gibt false zurück.
|
||||||
|
// - int get_stock(const std::string& name) const: Gibt Bestand zurück (0 wenn nicht existent)
|
||||||
|
// - std::size_t item_count() const: Anzahl der verschiedenen Artikelarten im Inventar
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
class InventorySystem {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::unordered_map<std::string, int> stock_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void add_item(const std::string& name, int amount) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 1a: Bestand erhöhen
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool remove_item(const std::string& name, int amount) {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 1b: Bestand prüfen und reduzieren
|
||||||
|
return false;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] int get_stock(const std::string& name) const {
|
||||||
|
// TODO 1c: Bestand ermitteln
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t item_count() const {
|
||||||
|
return stock_.size();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 2: filter_and_sort_leaderboard
|
||||||
|
// Struktur PlayerRecord mit name (std::string) und score (int).
|
||||||
|
// Filtere alle Spieler mit score >= min_score und sortiere sie absteigend nach score.
|
||||||
|
// Falls scores identisch sind, sortiere alphabetisch aufsteigend nach name.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
struct PlayerRecord {
|
||||||
|
std::string name;
|
||||||
|
int score;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool operator==(const PlayerRecord& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return name == other.name && score == other.score;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inline std::vector<PlayerRecord> filter_and_sort_leaderboard(
|
||||||
|
const std::vector<PlayerRecord>& records,
|
||||||
|
int min_score)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
std::vector<PlayerRecord> filtered;
|
||||||
|
// TODO 2: Filtern mit std::copy_if und Sortieren mit std::sort
|
||||||
|
return filtered;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 3: calculate_telemetry_stats
|
||||||
|
// Struktur TelemetryStats mit min_val, max_val, average, total.
|
||||||
|
// Berechne aus einem std::vector<double> mit STL-Algorithmen:
|
||||||
|
// - std::min_element für min_val
|
||||||
|
// - std::max_element für max_val
|
||||||
|
// - std::accumulate für total und average
|
||||||
|
// Falls der Vektor leer ist, wirf std::invalid_argument("Vector is empty").
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
struct TelemetryStats {
|
||||||
|
double min_val{0.0};
|
||||||
|
double max_val{0.0};
|
||||||
|
double average{0.0};
|
||||||
|
double total{0.0};
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inline TelemetryStats calculate_telemetry_stats(const std::vector<double>& readings) {
|
||||||
|
if (readings.empty()) {
|
||||||
|
throw std::invalid_argument("Vector is empty");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
TelemetryStats stats;
|
||||||
|
// TODO 3: STL-Algorithmen zur Berechnung einsetzen
|
||||||
|
return stats;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 4: extract_unique_sorted_tags
|
||||||
|
// Gegeben ist eine Liste von Dokumenten, wobei jedes Dokument eine Liste von Tags enthält.
|
||||||
|
// Extrahiere alle eindeutigen Tags in ein sortiertes std::set<std::string>.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
inline std::set<std::string> extract_unique_sorted_tags(
|
||||||
|
const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>>& document_tags)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
std::set<std::string> unique_tags;
|
||||||
|
// TODO 4: Alle Tags in unique_tags einfügen (Deduplizierung & Sortierung automatisch)
|
||||||
|
return unique_tags;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 5: normalize_sensor_data
|
||||||
|
// Normalisiere alle Werte in 'raw_data' auf den Bereich [0.0, 1.0]:
|
||||||
|
// normalized = (x - min) / (max - min)
|
||||||
|
// Verwende std::transform. Falls max == min (alle Werte gleich), setze alle Werte auf 0.0.
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
inline std::vector<double> normalize_sensor_data(const std::vector<double>& raw_data) {
|
||||||
|
if (raw_data.empty()) return {};
|
||||||
|
std::vector<double> result(raw_data.size());
|
||||||
|
// TODO 5: Min/Max finden und mit std::transform normalisieren
|
||||||
|
return result;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
} // namespace cpp11
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "=== C++ 11: Standard Template Library (STL) ===" << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
cpp11::InventorySystem inv;
|
||||||
|
inv.add_item("IronSword", 2);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "IronSword count: " << inv.get_stock("IronSword") << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
168
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/index.html
Normal file
168
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 11: Standard Template Library (STL)</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">🚀 C++20 STL & Algorithms</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C++ 11: Standard Template Library (STL)</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Nutze die volle Leistungsfähigkeit der C++ Standardbibliothek: Schnelle Container (<code>std::vector</code>, <code>std::unordered_map</code>, <code>std::set</code>) und hocheffiziente Algorithmen (<code>std::sort</code>, <code>std::transform</code>, <code>std::accumulate</code>).</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: CONTAINER -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📦 1. Sequenzielle vs. Assoziative STL-Container</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Die C++ STL trennt Datenstrukturen und Algorithmen strikt über <strong>Iteratoren</strong>. Die Wahl des passenden Containers ist entscheidend für Cache-Lokalität und Zeitkomplexität:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <unordered_map>
|
||||||
|
#include <set>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
// 1. std::vector: Dynamisches Contiguous Array (O(1) amortisiert, beste Cache-Lokalität)
|
||||||
|
std::vector<int> scores = {85, 92, 78, 99};
|
||||||
|
scores.push_back(95);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 2. std::unordered_map: Hash-Tabelle für O(1) Key-Value Lookups
|
||||||
|
std::unordered_map<std::string, int> inventory;
|
||||||
|
inventory["health_potion"] = 10;
|
||||||
|
inventory["mana_potion"] = 5;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 3. std::set: Selbstbalancierter Rot-Schwarz-Baum (O(log N), sortiert & dedupliziert)
|
||||||
|
std::set<std::string> tags = {"cpp", "systems", "cpp", "performance"};
|
||||||
|
// tags enthält: {"cpp", "performance", "systems"}
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">🏢 Didaktische Analogie: Das Hochregallager</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein <code>std::vector</code> ist wie ein <strong>durchgehendes Förderband</strong>: Pakete liegen direkt hintereinander im Speicher, was der CPU blitzschnellen Cache-Zugriff ermöglicht. Eine <code>std::unordered_map</code> ist wie ein <strong>automatisierter Barcode-Scanner</strong>: Barcode einlesen, Fach sofort finden! Ein <code>std::set</code> ist das <strong>alphabetische Register</strong> am Eingang.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: STL ALGORITHMEN -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>⚡ 2. Mächtige STL-Algorithmen (<code><algorithm></code> & <code><numeric></code>)</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Schreibe keine manuellen for-Schleifen, wenn die STL optimierte, ausgetestete Algorithmen bereitstellt:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <algorithm>
|
||||||
|
#include <numeric>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct Player {
|
||||||
|
std::string name;
|
||||||
|
int score;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::vector<Player> players = {{"Alice", 350}, {"Bob", 500}, {"Charlie", 420}};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 1. Sortieren mit Lambda-Comparator
|
||||||
|
std::sort(players.begin(), players.end(), [](const Player& a, const Player& b) {
|
||||||
|
return a.score > b.score; // Absteigend sortieren
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 2. Suchen mit std::find_if
|
||||||
|
auto it = std::find_if(players.begin(), players.end(), [](const Player& p) {
|
||||||
|
return p.name == "Bob";
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 3. Akkumulieren mit std::accumulate
|
||||||
|
int total_score = std::accumulate(players.begin(), players.end(), 0,
|
||||||
|
[](int sum, const Player& p) { return sum + p.score; });
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. CHEAT-SHEET -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📑 3. Cheat-Sheet: STL Container & Komplexität</h2>
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; text-align: left;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Container</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Zugriff (Lookup)</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Einfügen (Insert)</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Vorteile & Systems-Einsatz</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::vector<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(1)</code> via Index</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(1)</code> am Ende (amortisiert)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Standard-Wahl: Beste Hardware-Cache-Nutzung</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::unordered_map<K, V></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(1)</code> (Avg)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(1)</code> (Avg)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Schnellste Key-Value Assoziation (Hash-Table)</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::set<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(log N)</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(log N)</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Sortierte Unikate (Rot-Schwarz-Baum)</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::deque<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(1)</code> via Index</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>O(1)</code> an Front & Back</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Double-Ended Queue ohne Reallokationskosten</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.cpp</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>InventorySystem</code> mit <code>std::unordered_map</code> für Mengenzählung, Addieren und Abfragen implementieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>filter_and_sort_leaderboard</code> mit <code>std::copy_if</code> und absteigendem <code>std::sort</code> erstellen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> <code>calculate_telemetry_stats</code> mit <code>std::min_element</code>, <code>std::max_element</code> und <code>std::accumulate</code> berechnen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>extract_unique_sorted_tags</code> mit <code>std::set</code> zur Deduplizierung programmieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> <code>normalize_sensor_data</code> mit <code>std::transform</code> zur Skalierung von Messwerten schreiben.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 Performance-Tipp: <code>reserve()</code> verwenden!</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Wenn du vorab weißt, wie viele Elemente in einen <code>std::vector</code> eingefügt werden, rufe immer <code>vec.reserve(n)</code> auf. Das verhindert wiederholte teure Reallokationen und Memory Copying auf dem Heap!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_3_smart_pointers_stl&chapter=11_standard_template_library_stl" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C++ 12 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
152
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/musterloesung.cpp
Normal file
152
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/musterloesung.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <unordered_map>
|
||||||
|
#include <set>
|
||||||
|
#include <algorithm>
|
||||||
|
#include <numeric>
|
||||||
|
#include <stdexcept>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
namespace cpp11 {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 1: InventorySystem
|
||||||
|
class InventorySystem {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::unordered_map<std::string, int> stock_;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void add_item(const std::string& name, int amount) {
|
||||||
|
if (amount > 0) {
|
||||||
|
stock_[name] += amount;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool remove_item(const std::string& name, int amount) {
|
||||||
|
auto it = stock_.find(name);
|
||||||
|
if (it != stock_.end() && it->second >= amount && amount > 0) {
|
||||||
|
it->second -= amount;
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return false;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] int get_stock(const std::string& name) const {
|
||||||
|
auto it = stock_.find(name);
|
||||||
|
if (it != stock_.end()) {
|
||||||
|
return it->second;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[[nodiscard]] std::size_t item_count() const {
|
||||||
|
return stock_.size();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 2: filter_and_sort_leaderboard
|
||||||
|
struct PlayerRecord {
|
||||||
|
std::string name;
|
||||||
|
int score;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool operator==(const PlayerRecord& other) const {
|
||||||
|
return name == other.name && score == other.score;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inline std::vector<PlayerRecord> filter_and_sort_leaderboard(
|
||||||
|
const std::vector<PlayerRecord>& records,
|
||||||
|
int min_score)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
std::vector<PlayerRecord> filtered;
|
||||||
|
std::copy_if(records.begin(), records.end(), std::back_inserter(filtered),
|
||||||
|
[min_score](const PlayerRecord& p) {
|
||||||
|
return p.score >= min_score;
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::sort(filtered.begin(), filtered.end(),
|
||||||
|
[](const PlayerRecord& a, const PlayerRecord& b) {
|
||||||
|
if (a.score != b.score) {
|
||||||
|
return a.score > b.score; // Absteigend nach Score
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return a.name < b.name; // Alphabetisch bei Gleichstand
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return filtered;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 3: calculate_telemetry_stats
|
||||||
|
struct TelemetryStats {
|
||||||
|
double min_val{0.0};
|
||||||
|
double max_val{0.0};
|
||||||
|
double average{0.0};
|
||||||
|
double total{0.0};
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inline TelemetryStats calculate_telemetry_stats(const std::vector<double>& readings) {
|
||||||
|
if (readings.empty()) {
|
||||||
|
throw std::invalid_argument("Vector is empty");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
TelemetryStats stats;
|
||||||
|
auto [min_it, max_it] = std::minmax_element(readings.begin(), readings.end());
|
||||||
|
stats.min_val = *min_it;
|
||||||
|
stats.max_val = *max_it;
|
||||||
|
stats.total = std::accumulate(readings.begin(), readings.end(), 0.0);
|
||||||
|
stats.average = stats.total / static_cast<double>(readings.size());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return stats;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 4: extract_unique_sorted_tags
|
||||||
|
inline std::set<std::string> extract_unique_sorted_tags(
|
||||||
|
const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>>& document_tags)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
std::set<std::string> unique_tags;
|
||||||
|
for (const auto& tags : document_tags) {
|
||||||
|
unique_tags.insert(tags.begin(), tags.end());
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return unique_tags;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 🎯 TODO 5: normalize_sensor_data
|
||||||
|
inline std::vector<double> normalize_sensor_data(const std::vector<double>& raw_data) {
|
||||||
|
if (raw_data.empty()) return {};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double min_val = *std::min_element(raw_data.begin(), raw_data.end());
|
||||||
|
double max_val = *std::max_element(raw_data.begin(), raw_data.end());
|
||||||
|
double range = max_val - min_val;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::vector<double> result(raw_data.size());
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (std::fabs(range) < 1e-9) {
|
||||||
|
std::fill(result.begin(), result.end(), 0.0);
|
||||||
|
return result;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::transform(raw_data.begin(), raw_data.end(), result.begin(),
|
||||||
|
[min_val, range](double val) {
|
||||||
|
return (val - min_val) / range;
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return result;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
} // namespace cpp11
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "=== C++ 11: Musterlösung ===" << std::endl;
|
||||||
|
cpp11::InventorySystem inv;
|
||||||
|
inv.add_item("Diamond", 10);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Diamond count: " << inv.get_stock("Diamond") << "\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::vector<cpp11::PlayerRecord> players = {
|
||||||
|
{"Alice", 80}, {"Bob", 120}, {"Charlie", 120}, {"Dave", 40}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
auto ranked = cpp11::filter_and_sort_leaderboard(players, 50);
|
||||||
|
for (const auto& p : ranked) {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << p.name << ": " << p.score << "\n";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
143
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
143
courses/cpp/11_standard_template_library_stl/test_aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <cassert>
|
||||||
|
#include <cmath>
|
||||||
|
#include "aufgabe.cpp"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
// 🧪 GOOGLETEST SUITE: C++ 11 - STANDARD TEMPLATE LIBRARY (STL)
|
||||||
|
// ============================================================================
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#ifndef TEST
|
||||||
|
#define TEST(Suite, Name) void Suite##_##Name()
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_EQ(a, b) assert((a) == (b))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_NE(a, b) assert((a) != (b))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_TRUE(a) assert(a)
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_FALSE(a) assert(!(a))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_NEAR(a, b, eps) assert(std::fabs((a) - (b)) <= (eps))
|
||||||
|
#define EXPECT_THROW(stmt, ex_type) \
|
||||||
|
try { stmt; assert(false && "Expected exception not thrown"); } \
|
||||||
|
catch (const ex_type&) {} \
|
||||||
|
catch (...) { assert(false && "Wrong exception type thrown"); }
|
||||||
|
#endif
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 1 - InventorySystem with unordered_map
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp11STL, InventorySystemMap) {
|
||||||
|
cpp11::InventorySystem inv;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.item_count(), 0);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.get_stock("HealthPotion"), 0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inv.add_item("HealthPotion", 5);
|
||||||
|
inv.add_item("HealthPotion", 3);
|
||||||
|
inv.add_item("ManaPotion", 10);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.item_count(), 2);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.get_stock("HealthPotion"), 8);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.get_stock("ManaPotion"), 10);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(inv.remove_item("HealthPotion", 4));
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.get_stock("HealthPotion"), 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_FALSE(inv.remove_item("HealthPotion", 10)); // Nicht genug
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(inv.get_stock("HealthPotion"), 4);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_FALSE(inv.remove_item("NonExistent", 1));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 2 - Leaderboard Filtering and Sorting
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp11STL, FilterAndSortLeaderboard) {
|
||||||
|
std::vector<cpp11::PlayerRecord> records = {
|
||||||
|
{"Alice", 250},
|
||||||
|
{"Bob", 400},
|
||||||
|
{"Charlie", 150},
|
||||||
|
{"Dave", 400},
|
||||||
|
{"Eve", 300}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto top_players = cpp11::filter_and_sort_leaderboard(records, 250);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players.size(), 4); // Bob, Dave, Eve, Alice
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[0].name, "Bob"); // 400, 'B' < 'D'
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[0].score, 400);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[1].name, "Dave"); // 400
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[1].score, 400);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[2].name, "Eve"); // 300
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[2].score, 300);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[3].name, "Alice"); // 250
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(top_players[3].score, 250);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 3 - Telemetry Stats Calculation
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp11STL, CalculateTelemetryStats) {
|
||||||
|
std::vector<double> readings = {10.0, 20.0, 5.0, 35.0, 30.0};
|
||||||
|
auto stats = cpp11::calculate_telemetry_stats(readings);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(stats.min_val, 5.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(stats.max_val, 35.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(stats.total, 100.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(stats.average, 20.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::vector<double> empty;
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_THROW(cpp11::calculate_telemetry_stats(empty), std::invalid_argument);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 4 - Unique Tag Extraction
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp11STL, ExtractUniqueSortedTags) {
|
||||||
|
std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> doc_tags = {
|
||||||
|
{"cpp", "systems", "memory"},
|
||||||
|
{"c", "systems", "lowlevel"},
|
||||||
|
{"cpp", "stl", "algorithms"}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
auto tags = cpp11::extract_unique_sorted_tags(doc_tags);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(tags.size(), 6); // algorithms, c, cpp, lowlevel, memory, systems
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(tags.count("cpp") > 0);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(tags.count("systems") > 0);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_TRUE(tags.count("unknown") == 0);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Erste alphabetische Position prüfen
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(*tags.begin(), "algorithms");
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Teilziel 5 - Normalizing Sensor Data
|
||||||
|
TEST(Cpp11STL, NormalizeSensorData) {
|
||||||
|
std::vector<double> raw = {10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0};
|
||||||
|
auto norm = cpp11::normalize_sensor_data(raw);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_EQ(norm.size(), 5);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(norm[0], 0.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(norm[2], 0.5, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(norm[4], 1.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::vector<double> flat = {5.0, 5.0, 5.0};
|
||||||
|
auto flat_norm = cpp11::normalize_sensor_data(flat);
|
||||||
|
EXPECT_NEAR(flat_norm[0], 0.0, 0.001);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#ifndef RUN_AS_GTEST_MAIN
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_1 (InventorySystemMap)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp11STL_InventorySystemMap();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_1\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_2 (FilterAndSortLeaderboard)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp11STL_FilterAndSortLeaderboard();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_2\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_3 (CalculateTelemetryStats)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp11STL_CalculateTelemetryStats();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_3\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_4 (ExtractUniqueSortedTags)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp11STL_ExtractUniqueSortedTags();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_4\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ RUN ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_5 (NormalizeSensorData)\n";
|
||||||
|
Cpp11STL_NormalizeSensorData();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "[ OK ] CppTestSuite.TestCase_5\n";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "\n[ PASSED ] 5 tests passed successfully!\n";
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
#endif
|
||||||
46
courses/cpp/12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features/README.md
Normal file
46
courses/cpp/12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 12: Lambdas, Structured Binding & std::optional
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In diesem Modul erforschst du die modernen Ausdrucksmittel von C++20: Funktionale Programmierung mit **Lambdas**, Typsicherheit durch **`std::optional`** und elegantes Entpacken mit **Structured Binding**.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🎯 Lernziele
|
||||||
|
1. **Lambda Expressions**: Syntax `[capture](params) -> ret { body }` sicher beherrschen.
|
||||||
|
2. **Capture Semantics**: Unterschied zwischen Wert- (`[=]`), Referenz- (`[&]`) und selektivem Capture verstehen.
|
||||||
|
3. **Structured Binding**: Daten aus Tuples, Pairs und Structs ohne Boilerplate entpacken (`auto [a, b]`).
|
||||||
|
4. **Fehlersicherheit**: `std::optional<T>` für abwesende Werte nutzen (`has_value()`, `value_or()`).
|
||||||
|
5. **Event Callbacks**: Ereignisverarbeitung mit `std::function` und generischen Lambdas.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 💡 Schlüsselkonzepte
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. Lambda-Funktionen & Closures
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
int factor = 3;
|
||||||
|
auto multiply = [factor](int x) { return x * factor; };
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. Structured Binding
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
struct Point { double x; double y; };
|
||||||
|
Point p{10.5, 20.0};
|
||||||
|
auto [px, py] = p; // px = 10.5, py = 20.0
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3. Safe Querying mit `std::optional`
|
||||||
|
```cpp
|
||||||
|
std::optional<int> safe_divide(int a, int b) {
|
||||||
|
if (b == 0) return std::nullopt;
|
||||||
|
return a / b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🚀 Aufgaben in `aufgabe.cpp`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 1**: `find_user_by_id` mit `std::optional<User>`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 2**: `unpack_metric_pair` mit Structured Binding
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 3**: Stateful Counting Lambda
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 4**: `EventDispatcher` mit `std::function`
|
||||||
|
- [ ] **TODO 5**: `process_pipeline` mit Lambda-Transformationen
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
auto verdopple = [](int x) { return x * 2; };
|
||||||
169
courses/cpp/12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features/index.html
Normal file
169
courses/cpp/12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 12: Lambdas & Moderne C++20 Features</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body>
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-layout">
|
||||||
|
<div class="app-main">
|
||||||
|
<header>
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="header-badge">⚡ Modern C++20 Core</div>
|
||||||
|
<h1>C++ 12: C++ Lambdas, Structured Binding & std::optional</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Moderne C++20 Ausdrucksstärke: Lerne anonyme Funktionen (Lambdas), Capture-Klauseln, generische Lambdas, Structured Binding (<code>auto [a, b]</code>) und fehlersichere Typen wie <code>std::optional</code>.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<main class="container">
|
||||||
|
<!-- 1. THEORIE: LAMBDAS -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 1. Lambdas & Capture-Klauseln</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Ein C++ Lambda ist ein anonymer Funktionstyp mit der Signatur <code>[capture](parameter) -> return_type { body }</code>:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <algorithm>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
int threshold = 50;
|
||||||
|
int call_count = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// [&] = Capture by Reference, [=] = Capture by Value
|
||||||
|
// [threshold, &call_count] = Selektiver Capture
|
||||||
|
auto is_above = [threshold, &call_count](int val) {
|
||||||
|
++call_count;
|
||||||
|
return val > threshold;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::vector<int> nums = {10, 60, 30, 80};
|
||||||
|
int count = std::count_if(nums.begin(), nums.end(), is_above);
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "Größer als 50: " << count << " (Prüfungen: " << call_count << ")\n";
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-analogie">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">🏢 Didaktische Analogie: Der Rucksack des Kuriers</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Die <strong>Capture-Klausel <code>[...]</code></strong> ist wie ein Rucksack für die Funktion: Sie packt Umgebungsvariablen ein, damit die Funktion sie am Bestimmungsort nutzen kann – entweder als Fotokopie (<code>[=]</code> Value) oder als direktes Funkgerät zum Original (<code>[&]</code> Reference).</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 2. THEORIE: STRUCTURED BINDING & STD::OPTIONAL -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🧩 2. Structured Binding (<code>auto [a, b]</code>) & <code>std::optional</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Seit C++17/C++20 können Tupel, Paare und Structs direkt in benannte Variablen zerlegt werden. Mit <code>std::optional</code> werden fehlende Werte ohne Null-Pointer sicher abgebildet:</p>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<pre><code>#include <optional>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
#include <tuple>
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct User {
|
||||||
|
int id;
|
||||||
|
std::string name;
|
||||||
|
std::string role;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Rückgabe von std::optional (Kein nullptr nötig!)
|
||||||
|
std::optional<User> find_user(int id) {
|
||||||
|
if (id == 42) return User{42, "Alice", "Admin"};
|
||||||
|
return std::nullopt; // Wert nicht gefunden
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() {
|
||||||
|
auto user_opt = find_user(42);
|
||||||
|
if (user_opt.has_value()) {
|
||||||
|
// Structured Binding zum Entpacken der Struct-Felder
|
||||||
|
auto [uid, uname, urole] = user_opt.value();
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "User: " << uname << " (" << urole << ")\n";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Default-Wert mit .value_or()
|
||||||
|
auto missing = find_user(99);
|
||||||
|
std::string name = missing ? missing->name : "Gast";
|
||||||
|
}</code></pre>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 3. CHEAT-SHEET -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>📑 3. Cheat-Sheet: Lambdas & Modern Features</h2>
|
||||||
|
<div style="overflow-x: auto;">
|
||||||
|
<table style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; text-align: left;">
|
||||||
|
<thead>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color); background: var(--bg-subtle);">
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Feature</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Syntax</th>
|
||||||
|
<th style="padding: 10px;">Bedeutung</th>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</thead>
|
||||||
|
<tbody>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Value Capture</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>[x, y]() { ... }</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Kopiert Variablen schreibgeschützt in die Closure</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Reference Capture</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>[&x, &y]() { x++; }</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Ermöglicht Modifikation der äußeren Variablen</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Generic Lambda</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>[](auto a, auto b) { return a + b; }</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Automatische Typableitung für Argumente</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr style="border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);">
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Init Capture (Move)</td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>[p = std::move(ptr)]() { ... }</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Verschiebt Move-only Typen (wie unique_ptr) in das Lambda</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
<tr>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::optional<T></code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;"><code>std::optional<int> opt;</code></td>
|
||||||
|
<td style="padding: 10px;">Verhindert Null-Pointer Bugs für optionale Werte</td>
|
||||||
|
</tr>
|
||||||
|
</tbody>
|
||||||
|
</table>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- 4. AUFGABEN CHECKLISTE -->
|
||||||
|
<section class="card">
|
||||||
|
<h2>🎯 Aufgaben & Checkliste in <code>aufgabe.cpp</code></h2>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t1">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t1"><strong>TODO 1:</strong> <code>find_user_by_id</code> mit Rückgabetyp <code>std::optional<User></code> und <code>std::nullopt</code> implementieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t2">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t2"><strong>TODO 2:</strong> <code>unpack_metric_pair</code> mit Structured Binding (<code>auto [key, val]</code>) programmieren.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t3">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t3"><strong>TODO 3:</strong> Stateful Counter-Lambda mit Referenz-Capture zur Filterzählung erstellen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t4">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t4"><strong>TODO 4:</strong> <code>EventDispatcher</code> mit <code>std::function</code> Callback-Registrierung und Event-Broadcasting schreiben.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="task-item">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" class="task-checkbox" id="t5">
|
||||||
|
<label class="task-label" for="t5"><strong>TODO 5:</strong> Pipeline-Funktion <code>process_pipeline</code> mit transformierenden Lambdas umsetzen.</label>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="box box-tipp" style="margin-top: 20px;">
|
||||||
|
<div class="box-title">💡 Modern C++20 Best Practice: <code>std::optional</code> statt Magic Values</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Verwende niemals Magic Values wie <code>-1</code> oder <code>nullptr</code>, um das Fehlen eines Ergebnisses zu signalisieren. <code>std::optional<T></code> macht das Vorhandensein im Typensystem explizit und zwingt zur sauberen Fehlerprüfung!</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&track=track_3_smart_pointers_stl&chapter=12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features" class="btn" style="background: #00599c; color: #fff; font-weight: 700;">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/index.html" class="btn btn-secondary">Weiter zu C++ 13 →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
auto verdopple = [](int x) { return x * 2; };
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet C++20 Lambda
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 13: Multithreading (std::thread & std::mutex)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Parallele Programmierung in C++: std::thread, std::mutex, std::lock_guard und Thread-Synchronisation.
|
||||||
12
courses/cpp/13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
12
courses/cpp/13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <thread>
|
||||||
|
#include <mutex>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::mutex g_mutex;
|
||||||
|
int g_zaehler = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void erhoehe_zaehler() {
|
||||||
|
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_mutex);
|
||||||
|
g_zaehler++;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/13_multithreading_mit_std_thread/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 13: Multithreading (std::thread & std::mutex)</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 13: Multithreading (std::thread & std::mutex)</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Parallele Programmierung in C++: std::thread, std::mutex, std::lock_guard und Thread-Synchronisation.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=13_multithreading_mit_std_thread" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <thread>
|
||||||
|
#include <mutex>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::mutex g_mutex;
|
||||||
|
int g_zaehler = 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void erhoehe_zaehler() {
|
||||||
|
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_mutex);
|
||||||
|
g_zaehler++;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet Multithreading und std::mutex Lock Guard
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 14: Dateiverarbeitung & Binäre Streams
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Text- und Binärdateien lesen und schreiben mit std::ifstream, std::ofstream und Fehlerbehandlung.
|
||||||
10
courses/cpp/14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
10
courses/cpp/14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <fstream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool schreibeTextDatei(const std::string& pfad, const std::string& inhalt) {
|
||||||
|
std::ofstream out(pfad);
|
||||||
|
if (!out.is_open()) return false;
|
||||||
|
out << inhalt;
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 14: Dateiverarbeitung & Binäre Streams</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 14: Dateiverarbeitung & Binäre Streams</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Text- und Binärdateien lesen und schreiben mit std::ifstream, std::ofstream und Fehlerbehandlung.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <fstream>
|
||||||
|
#include <string>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool schreibeTextDatei(const std::string& pfad, const std::string& inhalt) {
|
||||||
|
std::ofstream out(pfad);
|
||||||
|
if (!out.is_open()) return false;
|
||||||
|
out << inhalt;
|
||||||
|
return true;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet Datei-Schreiben mit ofstream
|
||||||
3
courses/cpp/15_googletest_gtest_unittesting/README.md
Normal file
3
courses/cpp/15_googletest_gtest_unittesting/README.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C++ 15: GoogleTest (gtest) & Assertions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Modernes C++ Unit-Testing mit dem GoogleTest (gtest) Framework: TEST(), EXPECT_EQ, ASSERT_TRUE.
|
||||||
2
courses/cpp/15_googletest_gtest_unittesting/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
2
courses/cpp/15_googletest_gtest_unittesting/aufgabe.cpp
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||||
|
int quadrat(int x) { return x * x; }
|
||||||
|
bool ist_positiv(int x) { return x > 0; }
|
||||||
22
courses/cpp/15_googletest_gtest_unittesting/index.html
Normal file
22
courses/cpp/15_googletest_gtest_unittesting/index.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>C++ 15: GoogleTest (gtest) & Assertions</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">C++ 15: GoogleTest (gtest) & Assertions</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Modernes C++ Unit-Testing mit dem GoogleTest (gtest) Framework: TEST(), EXPECT_EQ, ASSERT_TRUE.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=15_googletest_gtest_unittesting" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||||
|
int quadrat(int x) { return x * x; }
|
||||||
|
bool ist_positiv(int x) { return x > 0; }
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet quadrat und ist_positiv mit gtest Assertions
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# Master 16: High-Performance 2D Physics Simulation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Das Master-Abschlussprojekt in C++: 2D Physik- und Partikel-Simulation mit Smart Pointer Memory Pools, Vektormathematik und gtest.
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct Partikel {
|
||||||
|
double x, y;
|
||||||
|
double vx, vy;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Partikel(double x, double y, double vx, double vy) : x(x), y(y), vx(vx), vy(vy) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void update(double dt) {
|
||||||
|
x += vx * dt;
|
||||||
|
y += vy * dt;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class PhysikWelt {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Partikel>> partikel_liste;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void addPartikel(double x, double y, double vx, double vy) {
|
||||||
|
partikel_liste.push_back(std::make_unique<Partikel>(x, y, vx, vy));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void schritt(double dt) {
|
||||||
|
for (auto& p : partikel_liste) {
|
||||||
|
p->update(dt);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
size_t getAnzahl() const { return partikel_liste.size(); }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="de">
|
||||||
|
<head>
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||||||
|
<title>Master 16: High-Performance 2D Physics Simulation</title>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/style.css">
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
|
<body class="bg-slate-900 text-slate-100 font-sans">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container mx-auto p-6 max-w-4xl">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="text-3xl font-bold text-cyan-400 mb-4">Master 16: High-Performance 2D Physics Simulation</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-slate-300 mb-6">Das Master-Abschlussprojekt in C++: 2D Physik- und Partikel-Simulation mit Smart Pointer Memory Pools, Vektormathematik und gtest.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="p-4 bg-slate-800 rounded-lg border border-slate-700 mb-6">
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-sky-400 mb-2">🎯 Lernziele & Teilziele</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="text-sm text-slate-300">Bearbeite die Aufgaben im Startercode und teste deine Lösung direkt in der Web-IDE.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="flex justify-between items-center">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../index.html" class="text-slate-400 hover:text-white">🏠 Zurück zur Übersicht</a>
|
||||||
|
<a href="../../../workspace.html?course=cpp&chapter=16_master_abschlussprojekt_high_performance_engine" class="bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-slate-950 font-bold px-6 py-2 rounded shadow transition">💻 In Web-IDE öffnen →</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <iostream>
|
||||||
|
#include <vector>
|
||||||
|
#include <memory>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
struct Partikel {
|
||||||
|
double x, y;
|
||||||
|
double vx, vy;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Partikel(double x, double y, double vx, double vy) : x(x), y(y), vx(vx), vy(vy) {}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void update(double dt) {
|
||||||
|
x += vx * dt;
|
||||||
|
y += vy * dt;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class PhysikWelt {
|
||||||
|
private:
|
||||||
|
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Partikel>> partikel_liste;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public:
|
||||||
|
void addPartikel(double x, double y, double vx, double vy) {
|
||||||
|
partikel_liste.push_back(std::make_unique<Partikel>(x, y, vx, vy));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void schritt(double dt) {
|
||||||
|
for (auto& p : partikel_liste) {
|
||||||
|
p->update(dt);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
size_t getAnzahl() const { return partikel_liste.size(); }
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
// TEST: Testet PhysikWelt Partikelanzahl und Bewegungsschritt
|
||||||
58
courses/cpp/course.json
Normal file
58
courses/cpp/course.json
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"id": "cpp",
|
||||||
|
"title": "C & Modernes C++20 Systems Engineering",
|
||||||
|
"language": "cpp",
|
||||||
|
"icon": "⚙️",
|
||||||
|
"runner": "cpp",
|
||||||
|
"description": "Von C Pointern & manuellem Speichermanagement (malloc/free) über RAII, Smart Pointer (unique_ptr) & STL bis zu GoogleTest & 2D Physics Simulation Master.",
|
||||||
|
"tracks": [
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"id": "track_1_c_basics",
|
||||||
|
"title": "🌱 Lehrpfad 1: C Fundamente & Manuelles Memory Management",
|
||||||
|
"description": "C-Syntax, Pointer & Adressoperatoren (&/*), Pointer-Arithmetik, Stack vs. Heap, malloc/free & Header-Dateien (.h/.c).",
|
||||||
|
"certificateKey": "cpp_c_grundlagen",
|
||||||
|
"chapters": [
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "01_c_syntax_datentypen_und_io", "title": "C 01: C Syntax, Datentypen & printf/scanf", "taskFile": "aufgabe.c", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "02_pointer_und_speicheradressen", "title": "C 02: Pointer, Adressen (&/*) & Arithmetik", "taskFile": "aufgabe.c", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "03_arrays_strings_und_manuelle_speicherallokation", "title": "C 03: Strings, Stack vs. Heap & malloc/free", "taskFile": "aufgabe.c", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "04_structs_und_header_dateien", "title": "C 04: Structs, typedef & Header-Architektur", "taskFile": "aufgabe.c", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" }
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"id": "track_2_cpp_oop",
|
||||||
|
"title": "🏗️ Lehrpfad 2: Modern C++ Einstieg, RAII & OOP",
|
||||||
|
"description": "std::cout, Referenzen, Klassen, Konstruktoren/Destruktoren, RAII-Prinzip, virtual Methoden & Operator-Overloading.",
|
||||||
|
"certificateKey": "cpp_oop",
|
||||||
|
"chapters": [
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "05_einstieg_cpp_und_namespaces", "title": "C++ 05: Einstieg C++, Namespaces & Referenzen (&)", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "06_klassen_konstruktoren_und_raii", "title": "C++ 06: Klassen, Destruktoren & RAII-Prinzip", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "07_vererbung_und_virtuelle_methoden", "title": "C++ 07: Vererbung, Virtual & Polymorphismus", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "08_operator_overloading", "title": "C++ 08: Operator Overloading & Rule of Five", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" }
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"id": "track_3_smart_pointers_stl",
|
||||||
|
"title": "⚡ Lehrpfad 3: Modern C++20: Smart Pointer & STL",
|
||||||
|
"description": "Templates, Smart Pointer (std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr), STL-Container (vector/map), Algorithmen, Lambdas & Structured Binding.",
|
||||||
|
"certificateKey": "cpp_modern",
|
||||||
|
"chapters": [
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "09_templates_und_generische_programmierung", "title": "C++ 09: Function & Class Templates", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "10_smart_pointer_und_speichersicherheit", "title": "C++ 10: Smart Pointer (unique_ptr, shared_ptr)", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "11_standard_template_library_stl", "title": "C++ 11: STL Container (vector/map) & Algorithmen", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "12_lambdas_und_moderne_cpp20_features", "title": "C++ 12: C++ Lambdas, auto & Structured Binding", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" }
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"id": "track_4_concurrency_master",
|
||||||
|
"title": "💎 Lehrpfad 4: Concurrency, GoogleTest & Systems Master",
|
||||||
|
"description": "std::thread, std::mutex, Streams & Binärdateien, GoogleTest (gtest) Suite & High-Performance 2D Physics Engine Master.",
|
||||||
|
"certificateKey": "cpp_master",
|
||||||
|
"chapters": [
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "13_multithreading_mit_std_thread", "title": "C++ 13: Multithreading (std::thread & std::mutex)", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "14_dateiverarbeitung_und_streams", "title": "C++ 14: Dateiverarbeitung & Binäre Streams", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "15_googletest_gtest_unittesting", "title": "C++ 15: GoogleTest (gtest) & Assertions", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" },
|
||||||
|
{ "folder": "16_master_abschlussprojekt_high_performance_engine", "title": "Master 16: High-Performance 2D Physics Simulation", "taskFile": "aufgabe.cpp", "testFile": "test_aufgabe.cpp" }
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
public class Aufgabe { public static string Begruesse(string name) => $"Hallo {name}!"; }
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
public class Aufgabe { public static string Begruesse(string name) => $"Hallo {name}!"; }
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
||||||
|
# C# 01: Syntax, Top-Level Statements & Nullables
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Einführung in modernes C# 12.
|
||||||
Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show more
Loading…
Reference in a new issue